地中海沿岸沙丘种子大小对植物及其种子多度的影响  

The effects of seeds size on the distribution and abundances of plants and seed banks in a Mediterranean coastal sand dune

作　　者：于顺利[1] Marcelo Sternberg 蒋高明[1] 刘美珍[1] Pua Kutiel 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学重点实验室,北京100093 [2]特拉维夫大学 [3]巴依兰大学

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第4期749-755,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院重大创新资助项目 (KSCX 1-0 8-0 2 ) ;国家重大基础研究与发展计划资助项目 (G19980 10 10 0 )~~

摘　　要：分析了地中海沿岸沙丘3种微生境(灌丛下、灌丛之间的开阔地、路径)以及整个沙丘生态系统的种子大小与土壤种子库中休眠种子的数量、土壤种子库中总种子的数量、地上植被中各个植物种的个体数量和幼苗数量、每种植物在小样方中的出现频率等方面之间的关系,也分析了种子尺寸(长、宽、高之和的平均值)与土壤种子的长久性、土壤种子库中休眠种子数量之间的关系;还分析了具有不同种子大小的植物在沙丘生态系统和各微生境的分布比率,验证了生活周期短的植物的种子在土壤中更长久和被干扰的微生境具有更多的休眠种子这种假说。结果发现,在地中海沿岸沙丘生态系统中,具有特别大的种子和特别小种子的植物种类都很少,不同植物种子的大小呈现近正态分布,但绝大多数植物的种子重量都不超过10 mg;微生境影响种子尺寸与种子长久性的关系,在灌丛下、开阔地区域等两个微生境以及整个的沙丘生态系统都呈现显著的正向关系(p<0 .0 5 ) ,而在路径这种关系不很明显;种子多度与植被物种出现频率呈现强烈的正相关(p<0 .0 5 ) ,没有发现种子大小与土壤种子库中休眠种子数量、种子库中总的种子数量、植被物种出现频率、植被的物种多度、幼苗植物多度等方面有显著的关系;具有中度大小种子(0 .1～10 mg)的植物在总的土壤种子库、休?In order to explore the effect of seed dimension (average values of sum of length, width and height) or seed size on plant or seed distribution and abundances, the vegetation and seedling banks as well as soil seed banks were investigated in Mediterranean coastal sand dunes in Poleg Stream Nature Reserve, Israel. Three representative microhabitats were selected: 1) open patches in a stabilized sand dune, 2) shrub understory in a stabilized sand dune, and 3) trail in an unstabilized sand dune. Seedling emergence was monitored in each microhabitat during the growing season from November 2000 to April 2001. At the end of the rainfall season and before seed dispersal (May 2000), the upper 5 cm of the soil of the sampling subplots was collected. The soil was sieved and ungerminated viable seeds were identified and counted. Then the persistent soil seed banks in each microhabitat and the whole ecosystem were estimated. The plant composition and abundance of aboveground vegetation was also investigated in each microhabitats. The relationships between seed dimensions and seed persistence, dormant seeds number and total seeds number in soil seed bank, plant abundance of vegetation and seedling, plant distribution frequency of vegetation in three microhabitats and in whole sand dune community in a Mediterranean coast sand dune were analyzed by use of Pearson's relative analysis. The correlations between seed size and seed persistence, dormant seeds number in soil seed banks were also checked. The constraints on the percentage of sized seeds and plant species of seed size in the microhabitats and over whole sand dune ecosystem were construed. Two hypothesis of that short-lived plants have more dormant seeds in soil seed banks and long-lived plants easily occurred at the disturbed microhabitat were tested. The results showed that the seed size of vascular plants varies greatly in Mediterranean coastal sand dunes ecosystem. Especially large or small seeds are very scarce in the community. Most of plant seeds weight was not

关 键 词：地中海沿岸沙丘 种子大小 土壤种子库 种子长久性 植物多度 植物分布频率 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]