小学生(四—六年级)学习能力倾向测验的初步编制:编制策略、条目分析和信度检验  

Scholastic Aptitude Test for Pupils of Grade 4-6 Ⅰ: Development, Item Analysis and Reliability Examination

作　　者：郭靖[1] 龚耀先[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理中心

出　　处：《中国临床心理学杂志》2005年第2期127-130,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology

摘　　要：目的:编制一套适用于四一六年级学生的学习能力倾向测验,并对条目的质量和测验的信度进行检验.方法:采用理论和工作分析相结合的方法构建测验,并将测验分为A卷和B卷两个大致平行的题本;以难度、区分度检验条目质量,以重测信度、内部一致性信度、平行信度检验测验的稳定性.结果:①各分测验平均难度指数介于0.42～0.51之间;鉴别指数在0.2以上的条目所占比例为92.04%(A卷)或95.45%(B卷);②各分测验的重测相关为0.67～0.78(A卷)或0.65～0.80(B卷);各分量表重测相关为0.67～0.82(A卷)或0.65～0.82(B卷);总量表重测相关为0.86(A卷)或0.87(B卷);③各分测验的Cronbach'sα系数为0.62～0.76(A卷)或0.61～0.85(B卷);两卷的语文、数理分量表Cronbach'sα系数均在0.8以上,总量表Cronbach'sα系数则在0.9左右;④A卷与B卷各分测验相关系数在0.42～0.70之间,分量表相关系数在0.54～0.72之间,总量表相关系数为0.77.结论:大部分条目的难度和区分度符合要求,各信度指数为良好或可以接受;两个题本尚未达到平行的要求.Objective: To develop a scholastic aptitude test for pupils of grade 4-6 and analyze the items and examine the reliability. Methods: We constructed the test based on the theories of intelligence and task analysis, and divided all the items into two parallel forms: Form A and Form B. Item analysis included difficulty and discrimination. Reliability included test-retest coefficients, Cronbach's α coefficients and parallel coefficients. Results: ①The average difficulties of each sub-test range from 0.42 to 0.51. Most of the items have discrimination over 0.2. ②The test-retest coefficients of each sub-test range from 0.67 to 0.78(Form A) or 0.65 to 0.80; while the coefficients of each sub-scale are 0.67-0.82(Form A)or 0. 65-0.82 (Form B); and the coefficients of the total scale are 0.86 (Form A) or 0.87 (Form B). ③The Cronbach's α coefficients of verbal and quantitative are over 0.8; the coefficients of both total scales are around 0.9. ④The parallel coefficients between Form A and Form B are 0.54-0.72(sub-scales) , 0.42-0.70(sub-test) and 0.77(total scale). Conclusion: The difficulties and discriminations of most items are satisfactory; and each reliability is good or acceptable.

关 键 词：能力倾向测验 信度检验 编制策略 初步编制 条目分析 小学生 内部一致性信度 相关系数 分量表 工作分析 重测信度 难度指数 区分度 总量表 平行 稳定性 质量 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学] R749[医药卫生—医学心理学]