贵州省龙里县健康教育与健康促进干预防制燃煤型氟中毒的效果分析  

Analysis of the effect of health education and promotion intervention for controlling endemic fluorosis in Longli County,Guizhou province

作　　者：罗正文[1] 聂晶[1] 张宏民[1] 罗永怀[1] 平波[1] 温同安[1] 骆琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州省龙里县疾病预防控制中心地方病科,551200

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2005年第3期336-338,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的探讨贵州省龙里县健康教育与健康促进干预防制燃煤污染型氟中毒的效果与经验。方法2001年开始建立县、乡、村三级健康教育网络,开展氟中毒防制知识健康教育,2004年调查病区人群的知晓率和行为改变率,并调查健康教育与健康促进干预前后环境氟与尿氟的变化情况。结果通过健康教育与健康促进干预,使龙里县目标人群氟中毒防制知识知晓率由原来的25%左右上升到65%以上;中小学生知晓率达90%以上;改炉率、烟囱出屋率、炉灶正确使用率分别由原来的64.05%、27.32%、49.73%上升为83.54%、69.33%、83.17%;食物干燥、食物保存、食物淘洗率分别由原来的63.43%、42.86%、68.48%上升到70.96%、74.78%、82.06%;室内空气氟下降至正常水平;大米、玉米、辣椒含氟量分别下降59.70%、67.95%、91.95%;8～12岁学生尿氟由2.13mg/L降至1.32mg/L。结论健康教育与健康促进干预是目前防制燃煤型氟中毒的好方法,它具有覆盖面广、见效快、投资少、易巩固与提高等优点,应予广泛推广。Objective To explore the effect of the intervention of health educa tion and promotion for controlling endemic fluorosis. Methods Health educatio n and promotion was conducted in 2001 for controlling endemic fluorosis by estab lishing a spreading network of health education at the levels of county, town an d village. The changes in the knowledge and behaviors were checked in 2004 after implementation of the intervention. The changes in the fluoride concentrations in the urine and in the media were also examined. Results The rate of knowing t he knowledge of fluorosis control in the targeted people had been elevated from 25% to 65%, and the rate was more than 90% in the students at school. The rate o f improving stoves, installing the chimney going out of the room, correct usage of the improved stove, increased significantly from 64.05%, 27.32% and 49.73% to 83.54%, 69.33%and 83.17%, respectively. The rate of correct dehydration, storag e and washing before cooking of the foodstuff increased from 63.43%, 42.86% and 68.48% to 70.96%, 74.78% and 82.06%, respectively. The level of the concentratio n of fluoride indoors decreased to the range of the national standard. The conte nts of fluoride in rice, corn and chili (hot pepper) showed a decrease of 59.70% , 67.95% and 91.95%, respectively. The level of fluoride in the urine of the stu dents aged 6 ~ 12 years old decreased from 2.13 mg/L to 1.32 mg/L. All the chang es were statistically significant(P < 0.05). Conclusions The health education and promotion, an effective way to control endemic fluorosis, should be widely strenthened for its wide coverage, less investment, fast effectiveness, easy sta bilization and enhancement.

关 键 词：健康教育 健康促进 煤烟污染型 氟中毒 防制效果 贵州 流行病 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]