利用Landsat/TM影像监测北京地区气溶胶的空间分布  

Monitoring Spatial Distribution of Aerosols in Beijing Based on Landsat TM Data

作　　者：王耀庭[1] 王桥[1] 杨一鹏[1] 王艳姣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学地理信息科学江苏省重点实验室,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2005年第3期19-22,共4页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国防科工委项目"环境一号小卫星星座应用关键技术研究"

摘　　要：该文利用北京地区两景高分辨率Landsat5/TM卫星遥感影像第一波段(0 45～0 52μm)数据,采用表观反射率标准方差之比法对北京地区的气溶胶空间分布进行半定量描述,计算同一日大气能见度空间分布。气溶胶空间分布的总体特征为:北京西部、北部、东北部气溶胶光学厚度明显低于西南部、南部、东南部,从西北部山区向东南部平原气溶胶分布一般呈递增趋势,高值集中在市区中心,大值覆盖区域偏向城区东南;对应的当日大气能见度空间分布则相反。分析造成大气污染的原因,并对该方法的局限性以及需要改进之处进行讨论。In this paper,two Landsat 5/TM high resolution images were used in an effort to assess spatial distribution of aerosol by calculating ratio of standard deviation of the apparent reflectance.And spatial distribution of air visibility in the same day was calculated in Beijing.The results show that the concentration distribution of aerosol in Beijing can be described semi-quantitatively by the methods mentioned above.The general characteristics of spatial distribution are that aerosol optical depth in west,north and north-east is lower than that in south-west,south and south-east in Beijing,the aerosol optical depth increases gradually from mountainous areas in west and north to plain in east and south,big value is in cantonal center and the maximum value excurses to cantonal south-east.However,the case of the air visibility spatial distribution is adverse.At the same time,the causation of the pollution was analysed and the limitation and improvement need to be done were discussed.

关 键 词：空间分布 北京地区 LANDSAT TM影像 气溶胶光学厚度 大气能见度 监测 卫星遥感影像 表观反射率 高分辨率 定量描述 标准方差 北京西部 总体特征 北部山区 覆盖区域 大气污染 东南部 西南部 东北部 局限性 

分 类 号：P315.5[天文地球—地震学] P237[天文地球—固体地球物理学]