民国政府公教人员生活状况的演变  

The Living Conditions Transformation of Government Employees and Teachers during the Period of the Republic of China

作　　者：王印焕[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史系,北京100875

出　　处：《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2005年第1期66-72,82,共8页Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：以抗日战争的爆发为界,民国政府公教人员的生活状况发生了由舒适到艰难的演变。在民国成立之初,公教人员的工资标准普遍较高。收入最少的小学教员没能量入为出,其他人员就更是舒适安然、衣食无忧。抗战爆发以后,随着战时的通货膨胀,公教人员的工薪实值越来越少,他们的生活状况也日趋艰难。到了南京国民政府的最后几年中,公教人员竟沦落到难以维持基本温饱的地步。前期的舒适稳定与后期的贫困动荡,使他们在感受物质反差与失落的同时,也对政府产生了深深的失望。The living conditions of government employees and teachers in the Republic of China had transformed from comfort to hard since the breaking out of the Anti-Japanese War.Their wage levels had been rather high during the early period in the Republic of China.Even the primary school teachers who earned the lowest income could make both ends meet,let alone the others who had higher income.However,after the breaking out of the Anti-Japanese War,government employees and teachers’ actual wages were lessened along with the mounting wartime inflation.As a result,their living conditions got worse and worse.During the last years of domination by Nanjing Kuomintang Government,government employees and teachers went to the length of raving not enough food and clothes.The sharp contrast between the cosy former and the straitened later made them sense sad and lost,and lose all hopes for the government of the repulic of china at the same time.

关 键 词：民国政府 公教人员 生活状况 通货膨胀 

分 类 号：K262.9[历史地理—历史学]