北极巴罗地区2种灌木植物及其花粉形态  

A study on the two shrubs of tundra and their pollen morphology from Barrow, Arctic

作　　者：唐领余[1] 张小平[1] 邵剑文[2] 周忠泽[3] 张青松[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院现代古生物学和地层学国家重点开放实验室 [2]安徽师范大学生命科学学院,安徽芜湖241000 [3]安徽大学生命科学学院,安徽合肥230039 [4]中国科学院地理及资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《植物资源与环境学报》2005年第2期23-28,共6页Journal of Plant Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院现代古生物学和地层学国家重点开放实验室(033113)基金;中国科学院寒区旱区与工程研究所冰芯与寒区环境开放实验室(BX2001-01)基金;国家自然科学基金(49971078)资助项目

摘　　要：观察了北极巴罗(Barrow)地区2种灌木植物,全缘叶仙女木(DryasintegrifoliaM.Vahl)和圆叶柳(SalixrotundifoliaTrautv.)的形态、生境以及它们的花粉形态。这2种植物形态矮小或匍匐蔓生;全缘叶仙女木叶短小似披针状或扁平,全缘;圆叶柳叶圆形,叶脉显著,根、茎、叶均含丰富Vc。它们的花粉形态为球形、近球形或长球形,其萌发孔均为三孔沟或拟三孔沟,花粉均为辐射对称。全缘叶仙女木花粉外壁纹饰在光学显微镜下(LM)为细网状纹饰,在扫描电子显微镜(SEM)下为条纹状纹饰;圆叶柳在LM和SEM下均为细网状纹饰。通过与中国产和日本产相似种的比较研究,显示它们应是温带亚洲高山起源及部分起源于北极本部。The studies of plant morphological features, pollens and habitats have been made for two shrub species from Barrow, Arctic. They are Dryas integrifolia M.Vahl and Salix rotundifolia Trautv. The former with small lanceolate or plate leaf, while the latter has the rounded leaves of distict veins, riched in Vc. Both of them have dwarf and sprawling habits. The pollen studies showed that their pollen grains are spheroidal to subspheroidal or prolate. The type of apertures are tricolporate. Ornamentation finely reticulate in light microscope (LM), striate-reticulate in scanning electron microscope (SEM) in D. integrifolia; finely reticulate both in LM and in SEM in S. rotundifolia. On the basis of comparison of the pollens in same species from Arctic collections with those from China and Japan′s, it showed that the two species probably originated from subalpine zone in temperate Asia or partly from Arctic. Investigation on pollen morphology of tundra can provide significant data for comparative study of fossil pollens and reconstruction of paleovegetation and paleoclimate in the Barrow Area.

关 键 词：花粉形态 灌木植物 北极巴罗地区 扫描电子显微镜 光学显微镜 植物形态 外壁纹饰 比较研究 球形 萌发孔 SEM 日本产 中国产 网状 起源 蔓生 匍匐 柳叶 温带 

分 类 号：S727.23[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q944.42[农业科学—林学]