饲育密度对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus L.)生长、饲料转化率及色素的影响  

EFFECT OF STOCKING DENSITY ON GROWTH,FEED CONVERSION AND PIGMENTATION IMPROVEMENT OF TURBOT (SCOPHTHALMUS MAXIMUS L.)

作　　者：马爱军[1] 陈超[1] 雷霁霖[1] 陈四清[1] 庄志猛[1] 王印庚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2005年第3期207-212,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：农业部结构调整重大技术研究专项;041101B号;国家"863"项目资助;2004AA603320号;2004AA603330号

摘　　要：采用统计学方法研究大菱鲆幼鱼饲育密度对其生长、白化鱼色素改善及饲料转化率的影响。设计了5组不同养殖密度,初始养殖密度分别为0.28、0.87、1.12、1.16、2.75kg/m2,研究结束时养殖密度分别为1.91、6.31、8.86、11.97、17.67kg/m2。结果表明,在同等实验条件下,低密度养殖范围内,大菱鲆幼鱼生长与密度呈正相关,而当种群达到一定密度(即高密度)时,生长与密度呈负相关。各实验组的SGR值分别为3.189、3.304、3.447、3.341、3.087。各实验组体重分布的均匀性随密度增加而下降。不同实验组饲料转化率不同,饲料转化率与密度呈负相关,高密度影响大菱鲆的生长,也降低饲料的转化率。实验组1,饲料转化率最高,饲料系数为0.95;实验组5,饲料系数为1.25。高养殖密度抑制了大菱鲆的生长,也增加了饲料系数。在白化鱼色素改善方面,不同饲育密度对色素的改善也略有不同,改善程度与密度呈负相关。Turbot Scophthalmus maximus L. is a flatfish species distributed along east and north coasts of Atlantic Ocean in nature. It was first introduced to China in 1992 by the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences. Since then many researches have been carried out for taming, seed breeding and culture. At present, turbot is an important culture species in China and contributes greatly to economy and society. Higher density stocking could utilize water resource completely and promote production. However, high density would affect behavioral interactions then consequently the growth rate showing up pigmentation abnormal. Very low density would waste water and energy. This study discusses the effect of stocking density on growth, pigmentation improvement and feed coefficient of turbot and search for the most suitable stocking density in turbot culture. In our experiment, juvenile turbots were reared in five different experiment groups with initial stock density of 0.28, 0.87, 1.12, 1.16, and 2.75kg/m2 respectively. At the experiment end 60 days later, the stock density was 1.91, 6.31, 8.86, 11.97, 17.67kg/m2 respectively. Special growth rate are calculated using SGR (Special growth rate) = 100×(lnWe-lnWi)/t. Coverage of the tank bottom in percentage at the ending time of the experiment is estimated for all the treatment groups as well as in growth variation, growth rate, survival rate and pigmentation improvement. Results show that, under the same ambient condition, the stocking density has positive effect on growth at low density and negative at high density. SGR was 3.189, 3.304, 3.447, 3.341, and 3.087 respectively for each group. SGR is positively related to low stocking density but to high stocking density. SGR in early stage (0—30days) is higher than late stage SGR (30—60days), according with the law of growth in biology. The uniformity of weight distributing among the groups was decreased with increasing density. The highest density group corresponded to the largest

关 键 词：大菱鲆 饲育密度 生长 饲料系数 色素改善 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]