内蒙古黄土丘陵沟壑区生态系统健康评价  

Ecosystem health assessment of the hilly and gully area of Loess Plateau in Inner Mongolia

作　　者：黄和平[1] 杨劼[1] 宋炳煜[1] 包铁军[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学省部共建国家重点实验室培育基地内蒙古草地生态学实验室

出　　处：《生态学报》2005年第5期1048-1056,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 1860 4) ;国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 0 60 0 18) ;内蒙古自治区教育厅重点科研资助项目 (ZD990 3 )~~

摘　　要：采用指标体系评价法,按自然指标体系,从生态系统活力、组织结构、系统服务功能和土壤健康等方面,以内蒙古黄土丘陵沟壑区为研究对象,分别选择原生植被区、人工恢复治理区、退化未治理区等3个样区,对其生态系统健康状况进行分析和评价,提出了适合于该区域的生态系统健康评价指标体系和权重体系,建立了适合于该区域的生态系统健康评价指数、评价模型和指标分级标准。最后,从自然生态学角度,结合研究区的实际情况,对该区域的生态系统健康恢复途径、生态系统管理和可持续发展策略提出了一些具有针对性的建议和措施,并对生态系统健康评价的进一步研究进行了展望。Maintenance of ecosystem health is the primary focus of a sound ecological restoration. Yet methods involved in quantifying and assessing the health level remain a challenge to the ecological community. In this study, we used the hill and gully area of the Loess Plateau, Inner Mongolia, where soil and water erosions continue to be responsible for much of the environmental problems in eastern China because of its fragility and long disturbance history. In this study, we developed an assessment method of indicator system (AMIS) based on analytical hierarchy process (AHP), fuzzy mathematics, and the theory of net-hierarchy. At ecosystem or catchment scale, three sample areas of: (1) intact vegetation (i.e., Aguimiao Natural Conservation, 110°45′E, 39°28′N), (2) reconstructed vegetation (Wufendigou Soil and Water Conservation Experimental Area, 111°07′E, 39°45′N), and (3) severely degraded vegetation (Yangquangou Catchment, 111°06′E, 39°45′N) in the Loess Plateau in Inner Mongolia of China were selected to examine ecosystem vigor, organizational structure, service function, and soil health. We applied the AMIS for all three landscapes by categorizing each ecosystem into five health levels. We found that the health index for reconstructed vegetation were at levels of Ⅳ, Ⅱ, Ⅳ and Ⅲ, while those of degraded vegetation were ranked at V, Ⅳ, V and Ⅳ. Overall, the comprehensive ecosystem health index of reconstructed vegetation was lower than that of intact vegetation but higher than that of degraded vegetation. The health index for reconstructed vegetation was at level Ⅲ, and that of degraded vegetation was still at level Ⅳ. The contributing values were: organization structure > soil health > vigor > service function. Based on our results and assessments, we proposed several management recommendations and methods for restoring the regional ecosystems.

关 键 词：黄土高原 内蒙古 生态系统 健康评价 指标体系 可持续发展 

分 类 号：Q14[生物学—生态学] S154[生物学—普通生物学]