温度对蜘蛛抗饥能力的影响  

The Influence of Temperature on the Ability of Spiders Enduring Famine

作　　者：刘凤想[1] 刘志诚[2] 常瑾[1] 赵敬钊[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北大学生命科学学院,武汉430062 [2]上海交通大学资源与环境学院,上海200000

出　　处：《蛛形学报》2005年第1期53-57,共5页Acta Arachnologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30270895);湖北省教育厅资助项目(2001B01005)

摘　　要：本文对隐蛛科的白斑隐蛛、狼蛛科的星豹蛛,栅蛛科的栓栅蛛,球蛛科的八斑鞘蛛,皿蛛科的花腹盖蛛,园蛛科的角类肥蛛,肖蛸科的鳞纹肖蛸,蟹蛛科的三突花蛛,管巢蛛科的粽管巢蛛,猫蛛科的斜纹猫蛛,跳蛛科的纵条蝇狮等11科11种蜘蛛的385头成蛛,296头2龄幼蛛和126头亚成蛛共计807头蜘蛛分别在20℃、25℃、30℃和35℃4种恒温条件下作了的抗饥能力研究。结果显示:(1)实验蜘蛛的2龄幼蛛、亚成蛛和成蛛抗饥能力的大小与温度的高低呈负相关,即随着温度的升高,抗饥能力减小。(2)由于蜘蛛种类不同,其抗饥能力的大小也表现出很大的差异。无论是2龄幼蛛还是成蛛,均以花腹盖蛛和鳞纹肖蛸抗饥能力最差;2龄幼蛛抗饥能力最强的是角类肥蛛;成蛛抗饥能力最强的是栓栅蛛、白斑隐蛛和角类肥蛛。(3)同一种蜘蛛,由于发育阶段不同其抗饥能力也表现出很大差异,随着蜘蛛发育阶段增长,其抗饥能力加强。在本实验条件下所有蜘蛛都是以2龄幼蛛抗饥能力较差,亚成蛛次之,成蛛的抗饥能力最强。We had studied the ability of spiders enduring famine at different temperature such as 20 ℃?25 ℃?30 ℃ and 35 ℃ in laboratory. The number of spiders we used in the experiment is 807, including 385 adult spiders, 296 2nd instars and 126 sub-mature spiders. These spiders belong to 11 species and 11 families, including Nurscia albofasciata of Titanoecidae, Pardosa astrigera of Lycosidae, Hahnia corticicola of Hahniidae, Coleosoma octomaculatum of Theridiidae, Neriene radiata of Linyphiidae, Larinioides cornuta of Araneidae, Misumenops tricuspidatus of Thomisidae, Tetragnatha squamata of Tetragnathidae, Marpissa magister of Salticidae and Oxyopes lineatipes of Oxyopidae. We had made these conclusion from the experiment. The first is that the ability of spiders endure famine is negative correlate with temperature including 2nd instars, sub-mature spiders and adult spiders,the ability of spiders endure famine decreases when temperature is rising. The second is that the ability of spiders endure famine is different among different spiders. The ability of Neriene radiata and Tetragnatha squamata either 2nd instars or adult spiders enduring famine is worst. The ability of Larinioides cornuta enduring famine is the best among 2nd instars. The ability of which Hahnia corticicola, Nurscia albofasciata and Larinioides cornuta enduring famine is the best among adult spiders. The discrepancy of ability of spiders enduring famine is very big among same species of spiders when they are in different stage of their life history. It seems that the ability of spiders enduring famine increases when they grow up. Among all spiders,the ability of enduring famine of 2nd instars is smaller than that of sub-mature spiders,and the adult spiders have the largest ability of enduring famine.

关 键 词：能力 温度 角类肥蛛 白斑隐蛛 发育阶段 八斑鞘蛛 三突花蛛 管巢蛛科 斜纹猫蛛 恒温条件 蜘蛛种类 实验条件 幼蛛 星豹蛛 狼蛛科 栅蛛科 球蛛科 皿蛛科 园蛛科 肖蛸科 蟹蛛科 猫蛛科 跳蛛科 20℃ 负相关 蝇 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]