大港孔店油田水驱油藏微生物群落的分子分析  

Molecular analysis of the microbial communities of the Dagang Kongdian flooding bed oilfield

作　　者：佘跃惠[1] 张学礼[1] 张凡[1] 王凌华[1] 赵立平[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学生命科学技术学院

出　　处：《微生物学报》2005年第3期329-334,共6页Acta Microbiologica Sinica

摘　　要：通过多聚酶链式反应 温度梯度凝胶电泳(PCR TGGE)和构建16SrRNA基因克隆文库两种方法对比研究了大港油田孔二北断块注水井和采油井的微生物群落结构。16SrDNAV3区PCR扩增产物的TGGE图谱分析表明,这两个油井的微生物群落结构差异很大。注水井样品的TGGE图谱中有6条主要条带,而采油井样品中只有一个条带占绝对优势。同时,建立了两个样品的16SrRNA基因克隆文库,从中分别挑选了10 8和5 0个克隆进行限制性酶切片段长度多样性分析(ARDRA)。注水井样品有33个操作分类单元(OTU) ,其中6个OTU是优势类型;而采油井样品只有8个OTU ,有1个OTU在文库中占绝对优势。克隆文库和TGGE的研究结果一致,均表明注水井样品的微生物多样性比采油井丰富很多。每个OTU的代表克隆序列分析结果表明,注水井样品中的细菌主要属于α、β、γ变形菌纲和放线菌纲,尤其是红细菌亚纲( 4 7% )。采油井样品的细菌主要属于α、β、γ变形菌纲,尤其是假单胞菌属( 6 2 % )。Both PCR-TGGE(temperature gradient gel electrophoresis,TGGE) and 16S rRNA gene clone library construction were used to comparatively analyze the microbial communities of a water injection well(WW)and an oil well(OW)in Dagang oilfield. TGGE analysis of the PCR amplified 16S rDNA V3 region products showed great difference between these two microbial communities. Six major bands were detected in the TGGE profile of the WW sample, while only one predominant band in the OW sample was found. Two 16S rRNA gene clone libraries were also constructed, and 108 and 50 clones were selected from the WW and OW library respectively for amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). 33 taxanomic operational units (OTUs) were found in the WW library with 6 major OTUs, while only 8 OTUs were found in the OW library with one OTU predominant. The results of TGGE and clone library profiling analysis both indicated that microbial community of the WW had higher diversity than the OW. Sequence analysis of the representative clone of each OTU showed that most bacteria of the WW were affiliated with α, β, and γProteobacteria andActinobacteria, especiallyRhodobacter(47%). Most bacteria of the OW were affiliated with α, β, and γProteobacteria, especiallyPseudomonas(62%).Molecular analysis of the microbial diversity in oilfield provides foundation for better application of MEOR (Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery).

关 键 词：油藏 16S RRNA基因 TGGE 克隆文库 微生物群落 多样性 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]