转几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶基因提高棉花对枯萎病和黄萎病的抗性  

Increase of Fusarium- and Verticillium-Resistance by Transferring Chitinase and Glucanase Gene into Cotton

作　　者：程红梅[1] 简桂良[2] 倪万潮[3] 杨红华[1] 王志兴[1] 孙文姬[2] 张保龙[3] 王晓峰[1] 马存[2] 贾士荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院生物技术研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [3]江苏省农业科学院遗传生理研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2005年第6期1160-1166,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(17-02-04)

摘　　要：枯、黄萎病是世界棉花生产中的两大重要病害。传统育种缺乏抗源,几丁质酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶是植物防御体系中的两种防卫因子,两者之间存在协同增效作用。据此构建了4个单价和2个双价基因(分别定位于细胞内或细胞外)的植物表达载体,通过花粉管通道法转化棉花,经PCR和Southern杂交检测以及1996～2000年温室及病圃多代筛选鉴定,已培育出对枯、黄萎病抗性提高的转基因棉花株系。将抗病基因导入国产抗虫棉品种GK19中,还获得了兼抗病、虫的转基因优系。Fusarium and Verticillium wilt are two important diseases in cotton in the world. Traditional breeding method does not have resistance germplasm. Chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase are two factors with synogestic effects involved in the plant defense system. Based on this fact, a series of plant expression vectors either harboring chitinase gene or β-1,3-glucanase gene or both were constructed. The two genes are expected to be expressed and localized in vacuole or in extra-cellular space. The transformation of cotton was conducted by pollen-tube pathway method. Molecular analysis of transgenic cotton plants by polymerase chain reaction and Southern hybridization, and successive repeated selection of transgenic cotton lines in greenhouse and fungi-infected nurseries during the period of 1996-2000 demonstrated that the transgenic cotton lines with Fusarium wilt and Verticillium wilt resistance were obtained. Meanwhile, the above anti-fungal genes have been integrated into insect-resistant cotton variety GK19 which resulted in the development of transgenic lines resistant to both cotton boll worm as well as Fusarium and Verticillium wilt.

关 键 词：几丁质酶 黄萎病 葡聚糖酶基因 β-1 抗性 枯萎病 Southern 3-葡聚糖酶 协同增效作用 植物表达载体 花粉管通道法 2000年 转基因棉花 抗虫棉品种 棉花生产 传统育种 防御体系 双价基因 筛选鉴定 杂交检测 GK19 基因导入 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]