北京的城市扩展和空间依存发展——基于劳瑞模型的分析  

URBAN SPRAWL AND SPATIALLY INTERDE-PENDENT DEVELOPMENT OF BEIJING: A ANALYSIS BASED ON THE LOWRY MODEL

作　　者：梁进社[1] 楚波[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2005年第6期9-14,32,共7页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40271035)。

摘　　要：从城市功能及产业依存的观点分析北京的城市扩展和空间发展特点。结合劳瑞模型的基本分析框架和该模型的发展,分析得出:首都功能的中心市区性和近郊性,以及第三产业的发展是北京“摊大饼”式扩展的重要驱动力。在运用投入产出、集群辨识、空间相关等多种手段分析后,进一步得出,一些服务业和制造业在空间上出现了依存发展,而且制造业内部的一些产业也形成了集群式发展。北京的城市发展和扩展的确表现出劳瑞模型所考虑的因素,它们之间的关系起着重要的作用,而且这些都与早期的城市功能分区规划联系密切。The aim of this paper is to analyze thecharacteristics of urban sprawl and spatial develop-ment in Beijing in the perspective that urban func-tions depend on one another and so do industries.Based on the framework of the Lowry Model and itsprogress, it finds out that the strong centricity as acapital, suburbanity and the tertiary industry are theoriginal impetus of the urban sprawl. Through analy-sis of invest and produce, industrial clusters and spa-tially correlation, it discovers that the secondary in-dustry and the tertiary industry is spatiallyinterdependent, and furthermore the manufacturingindustry tend to be cluster-led and regionallycentralized. Therefore, it is believed that the charac-teristics analyzed above reflect both the factors with which the Lowry Model concerned and the correla-tion of those factors which does play an importantrole in the urban sprawl, and that the function zoninghas a far-reaching effect on the formation of thesecharacteristics. Thus, urban planning should take thoseelements into account.

关 键 词：“摊大饼” 空间依存 劳瑞模型 分散集团 产业集群 北京 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]