1998年SCSMEX期间南海夏季风海气交换的主要特征  

Some Characteristics of Air-Sea Exchange for the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in the Period of SCSMEX98

作　　者：曲绍厚[1] 胡非[1] 李亚秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2000年第4期434-446,共13页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：国家科技部攀登项目A"南海季风试验研究";中国科学院知识创新工程项目!KZCXZ-204共同资助

摘　　要：根据１９９８年“南海季风试验（ＳＣＳＭＥＸ）”强化观测期间“实验３号”和“科学１号”科学考察船船基大气海洋自动观测系统两点连续观测的大气、海洋资料，使用考虑到风速和大气层结影响的整体输送公式计算海－气间的湍流通量交换。根据计算结果分析南海夏季风期间海表大气要素和海温日均值的逐日变化、海洋向大气输送的潜热通量和感热通量以及大气向海洋输送的动量通量等。结果表明：这次夏季风于５月２１日从南海南部开始爆发，然后向北部扩展全面爆发。夏季风期间南海南部和南海北部的大气、海洋结构和海气交换特征等都有明显差别。此外，海表温度的变化除了与太阳总辐射有关外，主要是与海洋向大气输送的潜热通量变化有关，对本次夏季风发生较晚、强度较弱作了海－气交换的物理解释，并与１９９２～１９９３年西太平洋热带海域西风爆发过程作了比较。Atmospheric and oceanic data collected by ' Shiyan 3' and ' Kexue 1' during the intensive observation period in SCSMEX98 were used to calculate the air-sea turbulent flux exchange. Here the calculation was based on the bulk aerodynamic formula, which had been considered the influence of wind speed and atmospheric stratification. Some characteristics of air-sea exchange were analyzed by examining the results. We found that the summer monsoon firstly burst out in the southern part of the South China Sea on May 21 and advanced northward to the whole. There were obvious differences in the characteristics of air-sea exchange between southern and northern. Moreover, the variation of SST mainly related to the latent flux transfer besides global radiation. We also gave an explanation for the later outbreak and weakness of the summer monsoon, and a comparison with westerly wind burst in the western equatorial Pacific Ocean from 1992 to 1993.

关 键 词：1998年 海气交换 南海夏季风 主要特征 自动观测系统 大气输送 南海南部 太阳总辐射 1993年 湍流通量 公式计算 大气层结 海洋资料 连续观测 科学考察 季风试验 动量通量 感热通量 潜热通量 计算结果 南海北部 海洋结构 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学] P425.42