对物权与对人权的区分及其实质  

对物权与对人权的

作　　者：冉昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学

出　　处：《法学研究》2005年第3期99-109,共11页Chinese Journal of Law

摘　　要：对物权和对人权产生于罗马法诉讼格式的影响,出现于一千年后的注释法学派理论中,并由于日尔曼法获得了广泛的实践应用,其含义日益多元,发展至今具备了至少三重含义对物、支配、对世。这三点内在贯通,又分别构成了物权性的决定要件。但由于罗马法诉讼格式已被抛弃,在现代权利话语语境下,三者的联系需要新的逻辑支撑,为此,可通过“当事人的知晓”做出一定的诠释,并以此为据,将意思自治的近代民法推进到意思推定的现代民法。Influenced by the forms of action in Roman law, action in rem and actio in personam, the term jus in re and jus in personam appeared in the theory of the School of Glossators 1000 years later, and became popular due to the extensive practices in German law. Thus they comprise complicated meanings, at least three of which we can generalize as over things, dominative and absolute. Vice versa, the three meanings, with inherent consistency, are essential components of the property of thingness. However, the forms of action in Roman law have been abandoned in modern law, so we need a new logic support to keep the consistency of the three components under modern context of right. The article argues that the knowing of parties is such logic support. In addition, based on this new support, the traditional civil law focusing inner intent could be pushed forward to modern civil law focusing presumed intent.

关 键 词：人权 区分 实践应用 日尔曼法 话语语境 意思自治 罗马法 质 法学派 物权性 当事人 格式 诉讼 含义 现代 民法 要件 权利 推定 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学] D911[政治法律—法学]