熔融纺丝方法制备纳米碳管/聚丙烯复合纤维及其拉伸性能(英文)  

Preparation and tensile properties of MWNT/polypropylene composite fibers by melt spinning

作　　者：李仲[1] 英哲[1] 刘敏[1] 成会明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院金属研究所沈阳材料科学国家联合实验室,辽宁沈阳110016

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2005年第2期108-114,共7页New Carbon Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金(50025204)~~

摘　　要：采用传统的熔融纺丝技术大量制备了定向性良好的纳米碳管/聚丙烯复合纤维。扫描电镜观察证实了纳米碳管在纤维里的定向性以及分散性都得到了较大的改善。通过拉伸实验测试了纳米碳管/聚丙烯复合纤维的力学性能,采用Weibull统计分析发现纳米碳管的添加显著提高了复合纤维的拉伸强度,当添加纳米碳管的质量分数达到3%时,纤维强度最高,达到61MPa,超过聚丙烯纤维强度120%。复合纤维拉伸断口的形貌特征也证实了纳米碳管添加对复合纤维拉伸性能影响存在临界现象。Well-aligned, long fibers composed of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and polypropylene (PP) were fabricated by a conventional melt spinning technique. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations of the morphology revealed that both the alignment and dispersion of MWNTs in the matrix were improved. Mechanical properties of the composite fibers were studied by tensile testing and Weibull distribution, and it was found that their tensile strength was increased with addition of the carbon nanotubes. The maximum tensile strength of 61 MPa was achieved at 3 w/% MWNT addition, 120% more than that of the pure PP fibers. Moreover, a unique tensile rupture characteristic was found by SEM observations, which explained the critical phenomenon that the MWNT addition affects the tensile property of the MWNT composite fibers.

关 键 词：多壁纳米碳管 聚丙烯 复合纤维 熔融纺丝 拉伸强度 

分 类 号：TB383[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]