钍资源及其利用  

Thorium resources and their availability

作　　者：张书成[1] 刘平[1] 仉宝聚[1] 

机构地区：[1]核工业北京地质研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《世界核地质科学》2005年第2期98-103,共6页World Nuclear Geoscience

摘　　要：钍是一种赋存在自然界中的天然放射性元素,在地壳中比铀更丰富,其丰度约为铀的3-4倍,广泛分布在各种不同的地质环境中。世界各国现已查明可经济回收的钍资源量达数百万吨。钍可广泛应用于光学、无线电、航空、航天、冶金、化工、材料等领域,更重要的是它可用作核燃料。随着核电发展对铀需求的不断增加,钍基燃料循环的研发工作业已引起广泛关注,通过大量的研究证实,钍在核能方面的应用具有广阔的前景,未来可有效地补充铀资源的不足。结合钍的物理、化学性质,以及近年世界各国对钍基燃料循环的研发成果,简要介绍世界钍资源的分布、钍资源量、钍资源的地质类型和产出地质背景,以及钍在核能中的应用潜力。Thorium is a natural occurring radioactive element existed in nature and widely occured in a variety of geological environments. The abundance of thorium is about three-fold to four-fold higher than that of uranium in the Earth' s crust. Demonstrated economically recoverable thorium resources are several million tons in the world. Thorium can be used in optics, radio, aeronautics and aerospace, metallurgy and chemical industry, and material fields extensively. More importantly, it can act as nuclear fuel. With development of nuclear electricity and increased demand of uranium, attention has been paid to the study of thorium-based fuel. More investigations confirmed that thorium for nuclear power has broad prospects. It can provide supplement to the insufficient uranium resources effectively in the future. With physical and chemical properties of thorium and achievement in scientific research in the world recently, this paper briefly describes the distribution, amount, geological type and setting of thorium resources in the world, and great potential applications in development of nuclear power.

关 键 词：钍 资源 核燃料 利用 

分 类 号：P619.13[天文地球—矿床学]