影响沙棘苗木蒸散耗水的生理生态要素  

Physiological and Ecological Factors Influencing on Evapotranspiration of Seabuckthorn Seedlings

作　　者：刘广全[1] 孟水平 王鸿哲[3] 李文华[3] 燕爱玲[3] 

机构地区：[1]国际泥沙研究培训中心,北京100044 [2]商南县林业局,陕西商南726301 [3]西北农林科技大学,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《国际沙棘研究与开发》2005年第2期26-32,共7页

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2004BA510B0103);水利部"948"项目(200207);黄土高原林木培育实验室(K02-06)资助。

摘　　要：在控温控湿条件下,用盆栽试验研究了影响沙棘苗木蒸散水的生理生态因子,初步结论为:沙棘苗木蒸腾速率的日变化一般为单峰曲线,偶尔出现双峰曲线;沙棘苗木蒸腾速率季节变化有2次高峰,第1次峰值通常出现在7月,第2次峰值在9～10月。一定范围内,气温与沙棘苗木蒸腾速率呈显著的正相关关系,空气相对湿度与沙棘苗木蒸腾速率呈负相关关系。随着土壤含水量的降低,沙棘苗木的蒸腾速率有逐渐下降的趋势;不同土壤类型,土壤田间持水量高的土壤的苗木蒸腾速率较低;沙棘苗木蒸腾速率日变化、季节变化与气孔导度的变化趋势基本一致;沙棘苗木单株蒸散耗水量随季节变化呈“正态单峰”曲线,峰值多在7～8月,而且土壤含水量越低,苗木蒸散耗水量越少。土壤粘粒含量越多,土壤持水力越高,蒸发耗水量越低,反之则越高;土壤含水量越高,蒸散含水量越多。Physiological and ecological factors influencing on evapotranspiration of one year-old Hippophae rhamnoides ’ seedlings potted in greenhouse were determined under different soil moistures The results show that during the growing seasons, the daily courses of the seedlings’ transpiration rates do generally show one summit curve which appears among 12∶00 hour and 14∶00 hour The seasonal courses of the seedlings’ transpiration rates present two summit curve, which shows the first in July and the second between September and October To some extent, there is marked positive relationship between air temperature and the seedlings’ transpiration rates, on the contrary relationship between air relative humidity and the seedlings’ transpiration rates The seedlings’ transpiration rates gradually decrease with the soil water contents decrease and the field water holding capacity increase The daily and seasonal courses of stomatic conductance are similar to that of the seedlings’ transpiration rates The seasonal courses of the individual seedling’s evapotranspiration show one summit curve which appears a peak in July and August, and the less the soilmoisture, the lower the individual evapotranspirates The more the soil clay grains and higher field water holding capacity, the lower the individual evapotranspirates

关 键 词：沙棘 苗期 耗水 影响因子 

分 类 号：S793.6[农业科学—林木遗传育种]