新时期新疆边境城镇体系构建和口岸小城镇发展  

CONSTRUCTING OF BORDER URBAN SYSTEM AND DEVELOPMENT OF PORT TOWNS IN XINJIANG IN THE NEW ERA

作　　者：杜宏茹[1] 张小雷[2] 李春华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中科院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [2]中科院新疆生态与地理所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《人文地理》2005年第3期63-66,共4页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:40371041)

摘　　要：新疆所处区位条件决定了边境的稳定与发展在整个区域经济中占据重要位置。把城市化和对外开放结合起来,通过边境城镇体系的构建来密切边境城镇与腹地的联系具有积极作用。边境城镇体系通过交通轴线的连接,对不同层次、不同职能分工的核心、节点、边境城市和口岸小城镇进行空间纵深配置,从而发挥对外开放的城镇整体优势。口岸型小城镇是边境城镇体系的前沿,最具特色。在发展条件较好,规模较大的口岸可考虑直接设立建制镇。在一些自身设镇条件不足的口岸,可考虑与地方、兵团联合设镇,协调管理。Border urban system is one of special types of urban system, which is decided by regional geosuperiority. Located in central belt of Eurasia, Xinjiang has touchline with 8 countries, which is as long as 5,400 kilometers. A succession of cities and towns has formed because of military fortification in history. This paper is aimed to combine urbanization and foreign opening by building such a border urban system. In the new era, it is very active to foster border urban system of Xinjiang for more effective foreign business and more advanced regional economy. There are three reasons why it is need to build border urban system in Xinjiang. One is the more opening and cooperating national and international environment. The second is the development of regional economy and urbanization. And the third is the outstanding features of border cities.Border urban system is marked by the different functions of foreign economy and different combination of cities. It includes four levels:①the core city, that is Urumqi; ②three node cities: Shihezi, Kuitun and Kuerle;③seven border cities; ④sixteen port towns. Jointed by two main transportation axis which impenetrate into northern and southern Xinjiang, these cities can unite each other, divide foreign trade function and increase economic strength. In addition, there are another two subsidiary transportation lines to help the exerting of integrated privilege in border urban system. Port towns are the front of border urban system and have some characteristics such as far from hinterland, higher specialization in foreign trade, short of administrated organization system, advanced urban construction, etc. There are two trends of harmonious developments between ports and local towns: one is the integration of ports and near local towns so that they can become a whole entity, and another is the setting up of organized towns by ports themselves so that other business besides foreign trade can be developed.

关 键 词：新疆 边境 城镇体系 口岸小城镇 

分 类 号：F299.21[经济管理—国民经济]