“3S”技术在生态用水量研究中的应用——以锡林河流域为例  

Application of “3S”Technology to The Study of Ecological Use of Water——Taking Drainage Areaof Xi Lin He as An Example

作　　者：刘佳慧[1] 刘芳[1] 王炜[1] 梁存柱[1] 张韬[2] 王永利[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010010 [2]内蒙古农业大学林学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2005年第4期92-97,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

摘　　要：随着水资源供需矛盾的日益突出,人们对生态环境保护和水资源配置问题日益重视,生态用水量研究受到了专家和学者的广泛关注。生态用水量的计算是在生态环境调查和分析的基础上进行的,而“3S”技术恰恰可以提供准确、大量的时空信息以及提取、分析和处理信息的技术方法,满足生态用水量研究的需要。基于这一认识,本文提出了一种在“3S”技术支持下的生态用水量计算方法,以锡林河流域为例,通过“3S”技术提取植被群落类型和空间分布等生态环境信息,应用生态用水概念及计算方法,建立空间信息(群落类型面积大小、数量)与生态用水量等级间的关系,应用遥感和地理信息系统的相关软件绘制锡林河流域生态用水图,统计得出不同等级生态用水量的大小,进而得到锡林河流域的生态用水总量。该方法为今后快速、准确的计算生态用水量提供了思想启示,为科学配置生态用水提供了依据。With imbalance between the supply and the demand of water resources outstanding day by day, people pay more attention to ecological environmental protection and water resources distribution question day by day, and the studies onthe ecological water use is receiving extensive concern of the expert and scholar. The calculation of ecological water useis carried on on the basis that the ecological environment is investigated and analysed, and ' 3S ' technology can offere a large amount of accurate space-time information and the technological methodsof drawning, analysing and dealing the information, which can meet the need of ecological water usestudying. Because of this understanding, this text has proposed a kind of ecological water usecomputing technologywhich is based on the ' 3S 'technology, take drainage areaof Xi Lin Heas an example , draw some ecological environment information such as vegetation type or community type and space distributionthrough ' 3S ' technology, use the concept of ecological water use and computing technology, establish the relationship between the space information (the size of area ,thetype and the quantity of community) and the grade of ecological water use, use the relevant softwaresof remote sensing and geographical information system to draw the map of Xi Lin Hedrainage area 's ecological use of water, count the uantity of differentgradesof the ecological water use, and then get the total amount of ecological water useof the Xi Lin Hedrainage area. This method has offered an enlightenment on a fast andaccurate calculation of ecology water usein the future, also it hasoffered a basis onthe scientific disposes ofecological water use.

关 键 词：“3S”技术 生态用水量 锡林河流域 应用 生态环境保护 生态环境调查 生态环境信息 地理信息系统 计算方法 群落类型 供需矛盾 配置问题 时空信息 技术方法 技术支持 空间分布 空间信息 相关软件 用水总量 科学配置 水资源 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] S157[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]