苗期干旱对玉米产量和水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Drought Stress during Seedling Stage on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Maize

作　　者：崔震海[1] 马兴林[2] 张立军[1] 陈杰[3] 凌碧莹[2] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学生物技术学院,沈阳110161 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]四川农业大学农学系,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《玉米科学》2005年第2期79-81,89,共4页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)基金资助项目(2002AA2Z4011和20002AA2Z4021)

摘　　要：通过在防雨棚中进行的盆栽试验,以5个玉米杂交种(郑单958、郑单19、四单19、龙单13、鲁单981)为试材,研究了苗期轻度干旱和中度干旱对玉米产量和水分利用效率(wateruseefficiency,WUE)的影响。结果表明:5个品种的产量和耗水量均随干旱程度的加大而递减,四单19和龙单13的产量对干旱胁迫的敏感度小,耗水量对干旱胁迫的敏感度大(除四单19中度干旱)。轻度干旱提高了四单19和龙单13的WUE,中度干旱只提高了四单19的WUE,其它品种的WUE均随干旱程度的加大而递减。相关分析表明,WUE与抗旱指数呈显著正相关,WUE与产量呈显著正相关(除轻度干旱),但WUE与耗水量相关性不显著。四单19综合表现最好,在两种干旱胁迫处理下均同步实现了抗旱、节水、稳产的目标。Pot experiment was carried out with 5 maize hybrids(Zhengdan958, Z hengdan19, Sidan19, Longdan13 and Ludan981) under three levels of water supply t reatment(light drought stress, modest drought stress and CK) during seedling sta ge in a rain shelter. The results showed that yield and total water consumption reduced under both levels of drought stress. Yield of Sidan 19 and Longdan 13 we re not sensitive to drought stress. Total water consumption was sensitive to dro ught stress except Sidan 19 under modest drought stress level. WUE of Sidan 19 a nd Longdan 13 increased under light drought stress level. Under modest drought s tress level only Sidan 19's WUE increased. But the other hybrids' WUE reduced under both levels of drought stress. The correlation analysis showed that WUE ha d a significant positive relation with drought resistance index under both level s of drought stress. There were significant positive correlations between WUE an d yield except under light drought stress level. But the correlations between WU E and total water consumption were not significant. The results also showed that Sidan 19 is the ideal hybrid which holds the characteristic of drought resistan ce, water saving and yield stability under both levels of drought stress.

关 键 词：玉米 苗期 干旱胁迫 产量 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]