青藏高原东部龙羊峡水库气候效应的变化趋势分析  

Climatic Effects of Longyangxia Reservoir in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Trends with Time

作　　者：隋欣[1] 杨志峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室

出　　处：《山地学报》2005年第3期280-287,共8页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家科技攻关项目(2002BA901A34);国家重点基础研究发展计划973项目(G19990436-05)资助。~~

摘　　要：以青海省境内黄河干流龙羊峡水库为例,应用基于气象要素分析水库气候效应的数学模型,计算了水库蓄水后对局地气候的净影响,深入探讨了气候效应随时间的变化趋势。结果表明,龙羊峡水库蓄水以来,对局地气候有明显影响,环境风险度有较大提高,且水库对不同的气象要素的影响随蓄水时间的增加呈现不同趋势。The creation of hydroelectric reservoirs results in the formation of vast surface areas of water, which will lead to locale climatic changes. An assessment of this climatic change and its trends with time can provide an overall understanding of the environmental impacts resulting from the hydroelectric reservoir. Therefore, studies that model the effects of reservoirs on local climate are significant for utilizing climate resources and fully evaluat- ing the environmental impacts of reservoirs. A series of models are proposed in this paper to analyze the climatic effects caused by reservoirs. The main advantage of these models is that they are based on the meteorological date from the first and second National Meteorological Stations, which consists of calculation on the net climatic changes while controlling for the impacts of global climatic change. The proposed models were applied to the Longyangxia reservoirs located in a high altitude region on the upper sections of the Yellow River in Qinghai Province. Trends of climatic effects with time are also analyzed during the operational phrase. The main conclu- sion of this study are: (1) During summer and autumn months, the water temperature of Longyangxia reservoir increased under the operational stage, and acting as a cold source, caused the mean air temperature in the reser- voir region to decrease. In winter, water temperature decreased, whereas air temperature increased. The maxi- mum increase in air temperature in the reservoir region occurred in winter. As calculated by models presented in this paper, the mean annual air temperature in the reservoir region increased by 0.7℃, the mean monthly airtemperature increased by 1.3℃in winter and decreased slightly by 0.1℃in July. The horizontal distance withinwhich the air temperature affected limited to be 1.5 km, and the vertical height did not exceed 400 m. Also, thisvertical effect in the summer was in 200 m. The annual average 0.4℃, which was lower than that of annual average.The air temperature on land

关 键 词：气候效应 趋势 龙羊峡水库 黄河流域 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]