饮用水反硝化脱氮方法研究  

RESEARCH ON DRINKING WATER DENITRIFICATION

作　　者：罗启芳[1] 谭佑铭[1] 王琳[1] 曾欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院环境学研究所,武汉430030

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2003年第2期58-61,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (编号 :39870 664)

摘　　要：为去除饮用水中的硝酸盐氮 (NO3- - N) ,采用上流式厌氧污泥床 (UASB)反应器和固定化微生物进行异养反硝化 ;自制固定化反硝化菌涂层电极和生物电化学脱氮装置 ,并用于自养反硝化。试验结果表明 ,若以甲醇为碳源 ,当碳氮比 (C/N)≥ 1 .0时 ,室温下经UASB处理 4h,NO3- - N去除率为 97.7% ;若以乙酸为碳源 ,当 C/N≥ 1 .0时 ,30℃下经固定化微生物处理 6h,NO3- - N去除率为 98.6% ;在无外加碳源的条件下处理东湖现场水样 ,30℃下经 60 h后 ,NO3- - N去除率达 93.5%。生物电化学脱氮装置可迅速建立自养反硝化菌所需的厌氧环境 ,水样在室温下经 72 h处理 ,脱氮率达 96.3%。The present paper aims to introduce its research on a method of drinking water denitrification. As is known, nitrogen is an indispensable nutritious element for human body; however, it can also contribute to the formation of nitrate (NO 3 - N), which is harmful to human body and even causes some serious diseases to human beings. In order to remove the nitrate (NO 3 - N) from drinking water, this paper has done a series of experiments in hope to apply the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB)reactor and immobilized microorganism to heterotrophic denitrification. The authors have also applied their own made coated electrode of immobilized denitrifying bacteria and bio electrochemical unit to their autotrophic denitrification process. The experiment results show that the removing rate of NO 3 - N from the water sample treated by UASB can reach 97.7% at room temperature if methanol is used as carbon source and when the ratio of organic carbon to nitrate nitrogen(C/N) is equal to or larger than (≥)1.0, the hydraulic resident time (HRT) is 4 h. And the experiments also demonstrate that the removing rate of NO 3 - N from the water sample treated by immobilized heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria can get as high as to 98.6% at 30 ℃, if acetic acid is used as carbon source and the ratio between C/N is equal to or larger than (≥) 1.0 with the HRT being 6 h. However, on the condition that exogenous carbon source is not added to the sample water with HRT being 60 h, the removing rate of NO 3 - N from the treated eutrophic water collected from East Lake, Wuhan, by immobilized heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria can only reach 93.5% at 30 ℃. With the adaptable anaerobic environment being quickly set up for the autotrophic denitrification process in our bio electrochemical unit, the removing ration of NO 3 - N from the water sample treated by the bio eletcrochemical unit can amount to 96.3% at the room temperature with HRT being 72 h.

关 键 词：环境医学 异养反硝化 自养反硝化 固定化反硝化菌 涂层电极 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]