哥伦布第二次远航与旧大陆生物初传美洲  

Columbus' Second Expedition and the First Spread of the Species from the Old Continent to America

作　　者：张箭[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学历史系

出　　处：《历史研究》2005年第3期145-157,共13页Historical Research

摘　　要：由于复杂的自然因素,旧大陆与美洲澳洲新大陆的生物群落大不一样。地理大发现开启了全球大交流,其中包括生物大交流。1493年9月至1496年6月,哥伦布率西班牙船队进行了第二次远航美洲的探险和殖民活动。哥伦布船队和后续补给船队把旧大陆的各种作物、畜禽、传染病带到了新大陆,欧洲白人也移入美洲。旧大陆生物传入对东西半球的历史进程和社会发展产生了重大的影响。The biotic communities in America and Australia differ from those on the Old Continent due to complicated natural reasons. The great geographical discoveries brought about global interchanges, including global biotic interchange. Between September 1493 and June 1496, Columbus led a Spanish fleet on a second expedition to America, for exploration and colonization. The fleet, as well as the following supply ships, brought with them animals, cattle, fowls, and epidemic diseases from the Old Continent. European whites also moved to America. This interchange played an important role in the historical process and social development in both the eastern and the western hemispheres.

关 键 词：哥伦布 美洲 生物 地理大发现 自然因素 殖民活动 社会发展 历史进程 新大陆 96年 93年 船队 西班牙 传染病 交流 

分 类 号：K14[历史地理—历史学]