中美危机行为比较分析  

A Comparison of Chinese and American Crisis Behavior

作　　者：王缉思[1] 徐辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院 [2]国防大学防务学院

出　　处：《美国研究》2005年第2期22-46,3-4,共27页The Chinese Journal of American Studies

摘　　要：本文探讨了朝鲜战争以来中美政治军事危机的基本特征和影响双方危机行为的主要因素,对比分析了两国在危机管理中所遵循的基本理念和原则。作者认为,要避免今后中美之间的重大危机,应当对双边关系做出清晰定位,防止“敌人意象”被重新激活。两国应当对于对方的决策机制、危机管理的观念有更为深入的了解,务实地引导公众舆论。在双边问题和涉及第三方的问题上,需要完善政府间的直接沟通渠道,建立危机防范机制。“有理、有利、有节”和“战略上藐视敌人,战术上重视敌人”一直是中国处理对美危机的重要原则。在新形势下,这些原则需要加以补充。This article discusses the basic features and major factors affecting crisis behavior of the two sides in the political and military crises between China and the United States since the Korean War, and compares the basic concepts and principles followed by the two countries in crisis management. The authors hold that in order to avoid the occurrence of major crisis between the two countries, it is necessary to clearly define the nature of bilateral relations and to avoid the rekindling the “enemy image.” The two sides need to have deeper understanding of the decision-making mechanism and concept of crisis management of the other side and provide rational guidance to public opinion. On bilateral issues and issues affecting a third party, it is necessary to improve direct communication channels between the two governments and establish crisis prevention mechanism. The important principles China has been following in handling crises with the United States are: “despise the enemy strategically and take it seriously tactically,” and “in struggle we should be on the side of justice, the struggle should be to our advantage, and we should handle the struggle with restraint.” Under current circumstances, these principles should be supplemented.

关 键 词：比较分析 中美 行为 危机管理 基本特征 政治军事 朝鲜战争 基本理念 对比分析 双边关系 决策机制 公众舆论 沟通渠道 防范机制 重要原则 大危机 敌人 第三方 政府间 应当 

分 类 号：D822.3[政治法律—政治学]