东北东部山区主要树种树干液流研究  

Sapflow of the Major Tree Species in the Eastern Mountainous Region in Northeast China

作　　者：孙慧珍[1] 孙龙[1] 王传宽[1] 周晓峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业科学》2005年第3期36-42,共7页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：东北林业大学优秀青年教师创新项目;国家自然科学基金重大项目 ( 39899370 ); 948项目 ( 98-4 -2 2 )资助

摘　　要：选择相同年龄(1 2年生)、起源(实生)和立地条件下的东北东部山区主要树种水曲柳、紫椴、蒙古栎、核桃楸、黄菠萝和红松幼树,采用ICT - 2 0 0 0TE自动监测系统同步测定其树干液流密度、耗水量及其主要环境因子。在生长季晴天,各树种的树干液流密度日变化基本呈单峰曲线(但黄菠萝有3次为双峰曲线) ,日峰值主要出现在1 0 :0 0—1 4 :0 0。黄菠萝、红松、紫椴、水曲柳、蒙古栎和核桃楸最大树干液流密度分别为2 34 0 0、2 86 2 1、5 0 7 93、5 1 6 36、6 2 5 93、94 5 83cm3·cm- 2 h- 1 。除黄菠萝之外,树干液流密度日变化主要受光合有效辐射(PAR)和蒸汽压亏缺(VPD)的影响,它们对树干液流变异的贡献率波动在6 0 %～74 %。整个生长季中核桃楸、紫椴、水曲柳、红松、黄菠萝和蒙古栎的耗水量分别为384 0、2 82 0、2 71 0、2 1 2 0、1 4 70和1 390kg·株- 1 。This study selected Quercus mongolica, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense, Juglans mandshurica, Tilia amurensis and Pinus koraiensis trees with same age (12 years old) and seedling origin under the same site conditions, and simultaneously measured the sapflow density, water consumption, and related environmental factors using thermal dissipation method and ICT-2000TE(Transpiration Environment)automatic measuring system for tree transpiration and environmental factors. In clear days during the growing season, the sapflow density exhibited mono peak diurnal patterns, mostly peaked between 10:00 to 14:00 except for P.amurense, of which the sapflow showed two peaks during daytime for three times. The \%PAR\% (photosynthetically active radiation) and \%VPD\%(vapour pressure deficit)were the major factors influencing diurnal changes in sapflow, which explained 60%～74% variations in sapflow density for all tree species except P.amurense. Maximum sapflow densities for F.mandshurica, P.amurense, Q.mongolica, J.mandshurica, T.amurensis, and P.koraiensis were 516 36, 234 00, 625 93, 945 83, 507 93, 286 21 cm 3·cm -2 h -1 , occurring in July, June, September, August, August, and July, respectively. Water consumption in the whole growing season for J.mandshurica, T.amurensis, F.mandshurica, P.koraiensis, P.amurense, and Q.mongolica were 3 840, 2 820, 2 710, 2 120, 1 470, and 1 390 kg·sapling -1 , respectively.

关 键 词：东北主要树种 树干液流 耗水量 时间动态 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]