盐负荷对高血压病患者血压及肾脏钠、钾排泄功能的影响  

Effects of salt-loading on blood pressure, sodium and potassium excretion in hypertensive patients

作　　者：李长育[1] 于晓明[1] 张振刚[1] 叶建珏[1] 叶绪英[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连医学院附属二院,大连市中心医院

出　　处：《中华心血管病杂志》1994年第2期87-89,共3页Chinese Journal of Cardiology

摘　　要：本研究对１５例住院高血压病患者行定量钠盐负荷（２９３ｍｍｏｌ／ｄ，３天），观察其对血压及肾脏钠钾排泄功能的影响。按盐负荷后平均动脉压升高≥０．６７ｋＰａ（５ｍｍＨｇ）者为盐敏型，＜０．６７ｋＰａ（５ｍｍＨｇ）者为耐盐型，前者７例，后者８例。盐敏型者在盐负荷后短期内即引起血压升高，对收缩压的影响尤为明显，且与尿钠排泄曲线呈同步变化。盐敏组２４小时尿钠量低于耐盐组，且尿钠峰值时间延迟出现，但尿钾排泄量却始终高于耐盐组，提示盐敏型高血压病人存在肾脏排钠及重吸收钾的功能障碍。盐敏组体重指数高于耐盐组（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示肥胖型高血压病人易为盐敏型。Abstract Fifteen hypertensive patients were selected for observing the effects of salt-loading on the blood pressure and sodium and potassium excretion.Antihypertensive agents were stopped for 14 days before the study and 9 days during the study. Salt was given in following amount in the 3 succesive stages each of 3 days:(1) balance stage table salt 126±13mmol/day; (2) Loading stage, 293 ±14mmol/day;(3) excretion stage, 119 ± 11mmol/day. According to Falker's standard, 7 of the 1 5 patients were salt-sensitive, 8 were salt-insensitive. Systolic pressure was significantly elevated in loading stage in the salt sensitive group and did not restore to the balance stage level during the excretion stage. Blood pressure did not show significant change during the study in the salt insensitive group, but show a little decrease in the excretion stage. There was a significant correlation between blood pressure change and sodium excretion in the sodium-sensitive group. Sodium excretion of the sodium-sensitive group was less than that of the sodium-insensitive group in the balance and loading stage, and the peak sodium excertion was postponed,suggesting that there was a disturbance in sodium excretion in the sodium-sensitive group. The potassium excretion in the sodium-sensitive group was higher than that of sodium-insensitive group, suggesting that there was disturbance in the potassium reapsorbtion of kidney tubules.

关 键 词：高血压 盐负荷 肾脏 钠 钾 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]