几种重金属离子对小白菜种子萌发及生理活性的影响  

Effects of Heavy Metal Ions on Germination and Physiological Activity of Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis L. Seeds

作　　者：李德明[1] 贺立红[2] 朱祝军[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东广州510631 [2]仲恺农业技术学院农业与生物学院,广东广州510225 [3]浙江大学园艺系,杭州310029

出　　处：《种子》2005年第6期27-29,共3页Seed

摘　　要：本试验研究了镍(Ni2+)、镉(Cd2+)、铜(Cu2+)、锌(Zn2+)、铬(Cr3+)、银(Ag+)、铅(Pb2+)7种重金属离子对小白菜种子萌发和萌动种子细胞膜透性的影响。结果表明,0.5、5mg/L浓度下Zn2+、Ag+、Pb2+略促进萌发,Cu2+在50mg/L浓度下极显著地抑制萌发,500mg/L浓度下各离子均显著抑制萌发。0.5mg/L低浓度处理时,Zn2+和Ni2+促进小白菜幼芽伸长。随浓度增加,重金属离子均引起小白菜细胞膜透性逐渐增加,但幼芽长度降低。发芽率与细胞膜透性间存在一定的相关关系。综合考虑,Zn2+对小白菜种子萌发毒性相对较小,Cr3+毒害最大,Cu2+毒害仅次于Cr3+,500mg/L处理浓度下以Ag+毒害最大。Pakchoi (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis L. ) seeds were treated with different heavy metals ions, including Ag~ + ,Ni~ 2+,Cd~ 2+, Cu~ 2+,Zn~ 2+,Pb~ 2+ and Cr~ 3+ to study the effects of different heavy metal ions and concentrations ( 0.5,500 mg/L~ ) on germination and membrane permeability. The results showed that the germination of pakchoi seeds slightly promoted by 0.5 and 5 mg/L of Zn~ 2+, Ag~ + and Pb~ 2+. 5 mg/L of~ Cu~ 2+ had significantly inhibitory effect. All heavy metal ions significantly inhibited the seed germination at 500 mg/L~ level. At 0.5 mg/L~ level, Ni~ 2+ and Zn~ 2+ increased Pakchoi shoot length. With increasing concentrations, membrane permeability was increased by every heavy metal ion, but the shoot length was decreased. The toxicity of Zn~ 2+ to germination of Pakchoi seeds was relatively less,that of Cr~ 3+ was the highest, and Cu~ 2+ just after Cr~ 3+. In the highest level (500 mg/L), the toxicity of Ag~ + was the highest in all tested heavy metal ions.

关 键 词：种子萌发 小白菜 离子对 生理活性 细胞膜透性 Zn^2+ Cu^2+ Cr^3+ Ag^+ Pb^2+ NI^2+ 重金属离子 试验研究 萌动种子 浓度增加 相关关系 低浓度 芽长度 发芽率 毒害 抑制 伸长 幼芽 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S634.3