雄性根田鼠的同胞竞争及其对同性个体的气味识别  

Male Siblings Competition and Their Recognition of Odor Between Familiar and Novel Conspecifics of the Same Sex in Root Voles

作　　者：孙平[1] 赵亚军[2] 赵新全[1] 李保明[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 [2]中国农业大学设施农业生物环境工程农业部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2005年第3期230-236,共7页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30100016)

摘　　要：采用两两互作实验并以尿标记来确定共居至成年的2雄性根田鼠同胞在行为竞争上的差异,之后在行为选择箱中分别观察它们对来自熟悉和陌生同性个体的新鲜尿气味的行为反应,以确定气味识别差异。结果表明:①雄性根田鼠两两互作时,尿标记的多少可以作为判断其社会等级的标准;②从属鼠对熟悉气味存在明显偏好,其对熟悉气味的访问时间、接近频次和自我修饰频次都显著高于陌生气味;③优势鼠则优先访问陌生气味,其对陌生气味的访问时间、嗅舔频次、嗅舔时间、自我修饰及反标记均显著高于熟悉气味;④对于陌生气味,优势鼠和从属鼠之间存在明显不同的行为反应模式。本实验结果提示,雄性根田鼠对同性尿气味识别的差异以及对陌生气味的行为反应,可能暗含着其领域防卫的信息。In this study, the social ranks of male root vole siblings (Microtus oeconomus) were determined by dyadic interaction test, and then their behavioral patterns to orders of fresh urine from familiar and novel male voles were investigated in a behavioral choice maze. The behavioral statistics showed that: ① The urine marks can be used as the standard to estimate social rank when two voles in dyadic interaction. ②Subordinates preferred familiar odors. They spent more time visiting and approached more frequently to familiar odors than strange ones. And they self-groomed much more in familiar odorant box than in strange one. ③Dominants preferred strange odors, and showed significant differences between the familiar odors and the strange odors in visit time, sniff/lick frequency and time, self-grooming, and countermarks. ④There existed a significant difference in behavioral pattern of response to strange odors between the dominant and subordinate voles. The results indicate that different response patterns of male voles in different social ranks reflect the different territorial behavioral patterns.

关 键 词：根田鼠 雄性同胞 两两竞争 社会等级 尿气味识别 

分 类 号：Q958.12[生物学—动物学]