北京大气气溶胶中有机碳及可萃取有机卤素污染物  

Organic carbon and extractable organohalogens in Beijing atmospheric aerosol.

作　　者：徐殿斗[1] 淡默[2] 宋燕[1] 柴之芳[1] 庄国顺[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院高能物理研究所核分析技术重点实验室,北京100049 [2]北京师范大学大气环境研究中心,北京100875

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2005年第B06期17-21,共5页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10490180);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KJCX2-N10);中国博士后科学基金项目

摘　　要：研究了2002年5月-2003年4月北京城区大气中PM2.5和PM10中有机碳(OC)及可萃取有机卤素污染物(EOX)的浓度．结果表明,PM10和PM2.5的年均值分别为172．8μg／m^3和110．9μg／m^3,分别是美国年均值标准(PM10,50μg／m^3：PM2.5,15μg／m^3)的3．5倍和7．4倍，说明污染相当严重；PM2.5与PM10中OC的月均浓度分别为9．1-33．9μg／m^3和13．1-46．2μg／m^3，冬季大气中OC的浓度最高，夏季最低；PM2.5中OC和EOX的百分含量高于PM10，细粒子更易于富集有机污染物：PM2.5和PM10中EOX的含量顺序为EOCI>>EOBr(EOI)，约有73％-88％和69％～91％的EOX为EOCl，大气中的有机卤素污染物主要为有机氯污染物；PM2.5中OC与EOX的含量变化趋势一致，细颗粒物中OC对EOX的含量起到了控制作用，PM10中OC对EOX的含量影响有限．The concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10, organic carbon (OC) and extractable organohalogens (EOX) in Beijing City from May 2002 to April 2003 were studied. The annual average values of PM10 and PM2.5 were 172.8μg/m3 and 110.9μg/m3 respectively, being 3.5 and 7.4 times higher than the annual average standards of U.S.A. (PM10, 50μg/m3, PM2.5, 15μg/m3), explaining very serious pollution. The monthly average concentrations of OC were 9.1~33.9μg/m3 in PM2.5 and 13.1~46.2μg/m3 in PM10, with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. The percentage contents of OC and EOX in PM2.5 were higher than in PM10, the organic pollutants were enriched more easily in fine particles. The contents of EOX in PM2.5 and PM10 were in the order of EOCl >>EOBr(EOI). EOCl accounted for 73%~88% and 69%~91% of EOX in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. Organic chlorine pollutant was the major organohalogens pollutant in atmosphere. The variation trends of the EOX and OC contents were consistent in PM2.5; in fine particulate matter OC had control action on content of EOX, and in PM10, OC had limited influence on content of EOX.

关 键 词：气溶胶 有机碳(OC) 可萃取有机卤素污染物(EOX) 中子活化分析(NAA) 北京 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]