红松人工林冠下水曲柳天然更新的最适生境  

Optimum Habitat for Natural Regeneration of Fraxinus mandshurica under Canopy of Pinus koraiensis Plantations

作　　者：胡立江[1] 沈海龙[1] 赵克尊[1] 杨文化[1] 马华文[1] 范少辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040 [2]中国林业科学院林业研究所

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2005年第3期7-10,共4页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家"十五"攻关课题(2001BA510B08)资助。

摘　　要：采用野外试验和比较分析的方法,对红松(Pinus koraiensis)人工林下不同立地条件天然更新的水曲柳(Fraxinus,mandshurica)幼苗、幼树的数量、树高、地径及其生长量差异进行了比较.利用层次分析法对影响水曲柳天然更新的主要立地因子进行量化和重要性排序,探索水曲柳天然更新的最适立地因子.结果表明,水曲柳幼苗在红松人工林下天然更新良好,更新类型以1～5 a实生起源的更新层幼苗为主,具有较高的生长势;萌生苗个体间的生长势差异较大,但在相同立地条件下,其树高和地径的年平均生长量均明显高于同龄实生苗;光照不足是导致实生苗和萌生苗年龄结构趋于幼年化的主导因子.红松人工林下水曲柳天然更新最适生境的立地因子为:林分郁闭度0.4～0.6,枯枝落叶层厚度3.0～5.2 cm,阳坡中下坡位、坡度不大于5°,草灌盖度20%～40%,土壤含水量30%～50%,各因子的重要性依次降低.The number, height and basal diameter growth of natural regenerated Machurian ash (Fraxinus mandshurica) seedlings and saplings under canopy of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) plantations on different sites were investigated and analyzed. The optimum site factors influencing Machurian ash natural regeneration were quantified and sequenced by means of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The result showed that Manchurian ash regenerated well under the canopy of Korean pine plantations. Seedlings from 1 to 5 years old were the main parts in the regenerated colony, and they grew vigorously. Seedling sprouts grew varying, but the average increments of their height and basal diameter were evidently better than those of seedlings. Light deficiency was the key factor influencing the age structure of seedlings and seedling sprouts, and caused the seedlings and seedling sprouts to remain much young. The optimum site factors for natural regenerated Machurian ash seedlings and seedling sprouts were as follows: canopy density 0.4~0.6, litter thickness 3.0~5.2 cm, down part of sunny slope less than 5°, the cover density of grass and bush 20%~40%, soil water content 30%~50%. The importance sequence of the main factors decreased in turn.

关 键 词：水曲柳 冠下天然更新 立地因子 层次分析法 

分 类 号：S7[农业科学—林学]