矽肺致肺功能障碍的病例对照研究  

Case control study on pulmonary dysfunction caused by silicosis

作　　者：曲亚斌[1] 唐云霞 朱人[1] 顾寿永[1] 张玉彬[1] 夏昭林[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生学教研室,上海200032 [2]马钢(集团)股份有限公司医院,安徽马鞍山243003

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2005年第3期169-171,共3页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

摘　　要：采用病例对照设计,选择169名男性矽肺病人作观察,96名无矽肺的接尘矿工为对照。对所有研究对象进行问卷调查,并测定肺通气功能,参考各指标的实测和预测值之比对肺功能障碍进行分型。方差分析显示病例组各项肺功能参数值显著低于对照组,FEV1.0、FEV1.0/FVC、MEF75%的实测值占预测值百分比在Ⅰ期与Ⅱ+Ⅲ期矽肺组中差异有显著性。矽肺病人以限制性和混合性通气功能障碍为主。非条件Logistic回归显示各期矽肺、中重度吸烟、接尘工龄>30年是矿工肺功能障碍的危险因素。提示随矽肺晋级,肺功能障碍发生率增加;导致矿工肺功能障碍的危险因素还有吸烟、长期接尘、患有矽肺相关并发症等。169 male silicosis patients were selected as case group and 96 healthy male miners exposed to silica dust were selected as the controls.All the subjects were invited to perform a questionnaire and lung function examination at the same time.The pulmonary dysfunction was classified according to the ratios of tested and predicted values.Results showed that all parameters of lung function declined significantly in case group compared with the control group,the ratios of FEV_(1.0),FEV_(1.0)/FVC and MEF_(75%) showed obvious difference between category Ⅰ and category Ⅱ + Ⅲ of the silicosis patients in case group.The main types of pulmonary dysfunction were restrictive and mixed ventilation disorders in silicosis patients.The unconditional Logistic regression model suggested that the main risk factors of pulmonary dysfunction were various category of silicosis,medium or heavy smoking,long-term exposure to silica(>30 years)and pulmonary tuberculosis.It is suggested that the incidence of pulmonary dysfunction would be increased with the progress of silicosis,in addition,the risk factors of pulmonary dysfunction also involve smoking,long duration exposure to silica,and complications of silicosis etc.

关 键 词：矽肺 肺功能障碍 危险因素 病例对照 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R443[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]