古尔班通古特沙漠工程地质问题——以输水工程为例  

Some issues of engineering geology in Gurbantonggut desert:as illustration of a water conducting engineering

作　　者：杨小荟[1] 王玉宝 崔东 贾磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]石家庄经济学院,石家庄050031 [2]新疆水利厅设计院地质勘察研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2005年第3期23-26,共4页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

摘　　要：沙漠的工程地质问题随工程类型的不同而不同。本文以输水工程为例,概要地论述了沙漠工程地质问题。风沙危害是沙漠中带有普遍性的问题,频繁而强劲的风力和地表充足的砂粒为风沙危害提供了条件;砂土湿陷性主要与其密度大小有关,当砂的干密度达到1 64g cm3时,湿陷性系数均小于0 015,即可消除湿陷性;渗透变形的形式为流土,破坏临界比降为0 9～1 73,属抗渗能力低的细粒砂土;天然沙漠砂为不冻胀砂,当含水量≤18%时为不冻胀—弱冻胀砂,饱和时为冻胀砂;挖方形成的高边坡在风蚀作用下使坡面增长,裸砂面积加大,加剧对渠道的淤积。The diverse issues of engineering geology in a desert vary with the types of engineering. As an illustration of a water conducting engineering, some engineering geological issues in desert are briefly discussed in the paper. Harm of sand blown by wind is an issue with universality in desert. A strong wind power with high frequency and abundance of granulated sand are the reason to cause the harm. Because collapsibility of sand and soil is associated with density, only when a dry density is up to 1.64g/cm^3 and a coefficient of collapsibility is less than 0.015, the collapsibility can be eliminated. Flow soil is a deformation caused by seepage. The fine sandy soil whose critical ratio to wreck is between 0.9 to 1.73 has a low ability of anti-seeping. Natural sand in a desert is the sand with non-frost heaving. When water content is less than 18%, it is the sand with non-frost heaving to weak frost heaving and saturated sand is the sand with frost heaving feature. Due to a corrosion of wind a high slope caused by excavation will increase its sloping surface and exposed sand area, which will result in filling up in a water channel.

关 键 词：风沙 砂土湿陷 冻胀 古尔班通古特沙漠 

分 类 号：P642.116[天文地球—工程地质学]