纳米炭黑添加剂对纤维素/NMMO纺丝原液流变行为及其纤维结构性能的影响  

The Effect of the Nano-carbon Black on the Rheological Behavior of Cellulose/NMMO·H_2O Solution and Structure and Properties of Lyocell Fibers

作　　者：郭利伟[1] 张慧慧[1] 邵惠丽[1] 胡学超[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料学院纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海200051

出　　处：《合成纤维》2005年第5期7-11,共5页Synthetic Fiber in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:20074005)。

摘　　要：研究了纳米炭黑添加剂对纤维素/NMMO·H2O溶液流变行为及Lyocell纤维结构与性能的影响。研究结果表明:添加了纳米炭黑的纤维素/NMMO·H2O溶液属典型的切力变稀型流体。纳米炭黑的加入使溶液的流动活化能有所增大,并且少量纳米炭黑的加入使体系的黏度有明显的降低,但随着炭黑含量的进一步增加,溶液黏度又逐渐增大。添加了适量纳米炭黑的Lyocell纤维的结构致密,其强度和模量虽略有降低,但结晶结构和热稳定性不变,由此制得的碳纤维不仅得率可有效提高,且强度和模量大大改善。The effect of nano-carbon black on the rheological behavior of cellulose/NMMO·H2O solution and structure and properties of Lyocell fibers were investigated. The results showed that the cellulose/NM- MO·H2O solution filled with nano-carbon black belongs to the typical shear thinning fluid. The viscous flow activation energy of solution increased when nano-carbon black was added. The viscosity of solution decreased obviously with the addition of small amount of carbon black at first, and then increased with the increase of carbon black. The structure of nano-carbon black filled Lyocell fiber was more compact than that of Lyocell fiber although the mechanical properties of carbon black filled Lyocell fiber decrease slight- ly. Moreover, the heat stabilities of the nano-carbon black filled Lyocell fibers had not changed. And if the appropriate amount of the nano-carbon black was chosen, the carbon fiber with better mechanical proper- ties and higher carbon yield than Lyocell-based carbon fiber could be obtained by using the nano-carbon black filled Lyocell fibers as the precursor.

关 键 词：纳米炭黑 LYOCELL纤维 流变行为 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ340.1[化学工程—化纤工业]