中国东北南部冬季气温异常及其大气环流特征变化  

THE WINTER AIR TEMPERATURE ANOMALIES AND THE CHANGES OF THE ATMOSPHERE CIRCULATION CHARACTERISTICS IN SOUTHERN NORTHEAST CHINA

作　　者：杨素英[1] 王谦谦[1] 孙凤华[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京气象学院大气科学系,南京210044 [2]中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2005年第3期334-344,共11页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家重点基金项目40233037和40175021资助。

摘　　要：该文在对东北冬季气温异常的时空变化特征进行分析的基础之上,利用NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,探讨了影响其异常的同期因子———该地区上空大尺度环流异常特征。发现:东北冬季气温20世纪80年代中期以前处于冷期,60年代达到低谷,80年代中期以后一直处于暖期,90年代为49年来最暖期,1986年是由冷转暖的明显突变点;气温异常存在3～4年、8～9年的年际周期及16～18年的年代际周期;东北地区冬季气温异常与黄河以北地区一致性非常好,是49年全国增暖最显著的地区之一;冷、暖冬年,欧亚中高纬度大气环流异常存在显著的差异,西伯利亚高压、亚洲极涡、贝加尔湖高压脊、东亚大槽及极锋急流是影响其异常的同期重要因子。Based on the analysis of spatial/temporal characteristics of the winter air temperature anomalies in Northeast China, this paper particularly discusses the current factors which influences the winter air temperature in Northeast China by use of the monthly mean data of NCEP/NCAR during 1951-2001.The main results indicate that the winter air temperature in Northeast China is in cold period before 1985,with the lowest in 1960s; warm period occurs after 1985, a inflexion point in 1986. The anomaly existed 3-4 years,8-9 years and 16-18 years periodic variation; the abnormal trend is similar with the areas that in the north of the Yellow River, it is one of notably warming regions in China. is the current factor influences the winter air temperature anomaly in the Northeast China is mainly effected by the atmosphere circulation anomaly, which including Siberian high anomaly, the East Asian trough anomaly, the acreage of polar vortex anomaly, the Asian winter monsoon anomaly and the anomaly of the west-wind circulation in East-Asian.

关 键 词：冬季气温异常 大气环流特征 NCEP/NCAR再分析资料 中国东北 20世纪80年代 南部 时空变化特征 大气环流异常 西伯利亚高压 大尺度环流 1986年 异常特征 60年代 90年代 东北地区 贝加尔湖 东亚大槽 突变点 年代际 一致性 

分 类 号：P468.021[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]