黑龙江省公路雪冰基本特征与灾害防治对策  

Characteristics of snow and ice on roads in Heilongjiang Province and countermeasures for disaster prevention

作　　者：周石硚[1] 成田英器[2] 小林俊一 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院青藏高原研究所,北京100085 [2]北海道大学低温科学研究所 [3]新潟大学积雪地域灾害研究中心

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2005年第3期114-118,共5页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40371027)

摘　　要：黑龙江省冬季降雪不多,但在寒冷和强风条件下,容易产生风吹雪,使某些地点形成较深的积雪,阻塞交通。风吹堆积下的积雪在低温下形成密实坚硬的硬深霜。涎流冰是冬季影响山区交通的另一个主要因素,它的各个部位呈现出间歇性增厚的特征,是涌出水在各处反复交替流动、冻结的结果。随着经济发展,交通流量增加,正常降雪将会产生越来越大的影响和危害,必须给予足够的重视。因此,在雪冰减灾战略对策上,应逐步推广使用防滑汽车轮胎,建立较为完善的公路雪冰清除服务体系,并辅以必要的工程措施。The snowdrift, which blocks some roads with much drifted snow, occurs easily under the condition of low temperature with storm wind in Heilongjiang Province although there is no much snow there in winter. The drifted snow metamorphoses to a very hard layer, named hard depth hoar. Another traffic-blocking factor in mountain areas is the aufeis. The ice thickness grows intermittently at each position of the aufeis because the sprung water flows and freezes alternately at positions. As the economy develops and the traffic increases, the normal snowfall would exert more and more influence on transportation, to which more attention should be paid. Therefore, for a disaster-relieving strategy, the use of antiskid tires (winter tires) should be gradually popularized, and a better system for snow and ice clearing and road maintenance, together with some necessary engineering projects, should be developed.

关 键 词：黑龙江省 公路 积雪 风吹雪 涎流冰 灾害 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]