波斑鸨的生态生物学研究现状  

Actuality of the Study on Ecological Biology of Chlamydotis undulata

作　　者：杨维康[1] 乔建芳[1] 高行宜[1] 钟文勤[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院动物研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2005年第2期205-210,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30470263);中国科学院西部之光资助项目(20034020);中国阿联酋国际合作项目资助(979011)

摘　　要：波斑鸨是生存于荒漠和半荒漠地区的一种中型鸨科鸟类,全世界共3个亚种,被IUCN列为易危种。近几十年来,由于工农业用地的扩大和过度放牧造成的栖息地退化和丧失,以及狩猎等因素导致波斑鸨野外种群数量锐减。为有效保护这一物种,有关学者在波斑鸨的生物生态学领域开展了广泛而又深入的研究。从地理分布与种群数量、栖息地选择、采食习性、活动模式与节律、行为、巢域、繁殖生物学、迁徙、致危原因和保护与恢复生态学10个方面,对波斑鸨研究现状进行了综述。Chlamydotis undulata, identified as three subspecies (C. u. fuertaventurae,C. u. undulata and C. u. macqueenii) in the world, is a species of medium-sized member of the Otididae inhabiting in vast deserts and semi-deserts where the annual precipitation is less than 220 mm, classified to be vulnerable by the IUCN. Most habitats of Chlamydotis undulata are in the typical xeric and halophilous desert vegetation dominated by Salsola spp, Haloxylon spp, Zygophillum spp, Anabasis spp and Artemisia spp., the vegetation coverage is low and does not exceed 25%, and its average height is about 0.4 m. Population of wild Chlamydotis undulata has sharply reduced since recent decades. It is considered that such reduction is mainly caused by expansion of farmlands, industry-used lands, urban areas and mineral areas as well as overgrazing, hunting and other human activities. In order to conserve this species, some scientists around the world have conducted a series research work on Chlamydotis undulata. This paper summarizes the major results of the researches in ten domains, i.e., the geographical distribution and population size, habitat selection, feeding habit, daily activity pattern and rhythm, behaviors, nesting extent, breeding biology, migration, endangered causes, and conservation and restoration ecology.

关 键 词：研究现状 波斑鸨 生态生物学 种群数量 半荒漠地区 生物生态学 栖息地选择 繁殖生物学 恢复生态学 IUCN 过度放牧 农业用地 有效保护 地理分布 采食习性 活动模式 致危原因 鸟类 物种 节律 迁徙 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]