山西省某农村既往非法卖血社区影响HIV从卖血人群向一般人群传播的可能因素  

Potential factors for HIV transmission from blood donors to the general population in a former rural blood selling community of Shanxi province

作　　者：施小明[1] 乔晓春[2] 高建华[3] 梅志强[2] HanzhuQian 贾望谦[5] 杨忠民[1] 张玉良 郑锡文[1] 汪宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心 [2]山西省疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市疾病预防控制中心 [4]University of Alabama at Birmingham,Birmingham,AL352942170,USA [5]山西省闻喜县疾病预防控制中心 [6]山西省闻喜县卫生局

出　　处：《中国艾滋病性病》2005年第3期175-177,共3页Chinese Journal of Aids & STD

基　　金：美国国立卫生研究院国家传染病与变态反应研究所中国综合性艾滋病研究项目(U19AI51915)资助

摘　　要：目的分析农村既往非法卖血社区影响艾滋病病毒(HIV)从卖血人群向一般人群传播的可能因素。方法选择山西省某县12个村庄,随机抽取660名18～59岁村民开展以社区为基础的横断面研究。采用标准问卷收集研究对象的人口学、医疗注射情况、性行为、艾滋病(AIDS)相关的知识、态度及HIV自愿咨询检测史等信息。结果在过去5年中,约有1/4的调查对象拔过牙,2.8%的对象接受过输血,77.7%的对象有过打针和注射史。打针或注射的场所多是在个体诊所(58.1%)和村卫生室(33.0%)。仅有19.6%的对象使用过安全套;12.5%的对象有过2个以上的性伴侣。该社区婚外性行为并不少见(6.7%),卖淫嫖娼的比例为1.0%,最近1次婚外性行为中,使用安全套的比例仅为20.0%。对HIV三种传播途径(性、血液和母婴传播)的正确回答率为43.1%。该地存在广泛的AIDS相关的歧视。仅有1.7%的村民曾经接受过HIV检测。结论该地区存在广泛的影响HIV从卖血人群向一般人群传播的可能因素。有效预防HIV的二代传播成为中国农村AIDS防治的工作重点之一。Objective To analyze potential factors for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) transmission from blood donors to the general population in a former rural blood selling community.Methods A community-based cross-sectional survey was condoucted among 660 randomly selected residents aged 18-59 years from 12 villages in a rural county of Shanxi province.Structured questionnaire was administered to collect information on socio-demography,medical and injection history,sex behaviors,HIV/AIDS related knowledge,attitudes,history of voluntary counseling and testing,etc.Results About one fourth of subjects ever received tooth extraction,2.8% receiving blood transfusion,77.7% having a history of injection in the past 5 years.Places for injection were mainly private clinic(58.1%) and village clinic (33.0%).Only 19.6% of villagers ever used condom.12.5% had 2 or more sex partners in their lifetime.Out-of-marriage sex was also not sparse (6.7%) and about 1.0% of villagers ever had sex with someone in exchange for money or gifts in the community.Only 20.0% used condom in the last out-of-marriage sex.Awareness rate of three HIV transmission routes including sex,blood and mother-to-child transmission was 43.1%.There extensively existed HIV/AIDS related stigma in the community.Only 1.7% of subjects ever received HIV testing.Conclusion There exist extensive potential factors for HIV transmission from blood donors to the general population in the community.One of emphases on HIV/AIDS control and prevention is to effectively prevent HIV secondary transmission in rural community in China.

关 键 词：艾滋病病毒 农村社区 二代传播 预防和控制 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]