大亚湾海域营养盐与叶绿素含量的变化趋势及其对生态环境的影响  

Variation trend of nutrient and chlorophyll contents and their effects on ecological environment in Daya Bay

作　　者：丘耀文[1] 王肇鼎[1] 朱良生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南海海洋研究所热带海洋环境动力学重点实验室

出　　处：《台湾海峡》2005年第2期131-139,共9页Journal of Oceanography In Taiwan Strait

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2001CB409706);广东省科技计划资助项目(2003C32804)

摘　　要：分析了近20a来大亚湾海域营养盐和叶绿素a含量的时空变化规律及其对生态环境的影响.结果表明:大亚湾海域水体中NH3N、NO3N、NO2N、PO4P、SiO3Si、DIN、叶绿素a的多年平均含量分别为1.73±0.89、1.55±0.86、0.30±0.25、3.57±1.55、0.33±0.35、22.03±9.40μmol/dm3和2.47±1.28μg/dm3.自1991年以来,水体中活性磷酸盐的含量有较大幅度的下降,溶解态的无机氮的含量则上升,活性硅酸盐的含量变化较小.大亚湾大部分水体属于贫营养水平,养殖海区水体属于中营养水平.大亚湾海域水体的N/P平均值为21.69±19.38.浮游植物的生长从过去的氮限制转变为现在的磷限制.大亚湾海域营养盐含量和结构的改变,已对该海湾生态系统产生了一定的影响,如浮游植物的小型化和渔获量的大幅下降等.Temporal and spatial variations of the nutrients and chlorophyll-a contents and their effects on the ecological environment in Daya Bay were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the average contents of ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, silicate, dissolved inorganic nitrogen and chlorophyll-a were 1.73±0.89,1.55±0.86,0.30±0.25,3.57±1.55,0.33±0.35,(22.03±)9.40μmol/dm^3 and 2.47±1.28 μg/dm^3, respectively. Since 1991,the phosphate concentrations declined largely, in contrast, the dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations ascended, and the silicate concentrations did not change remarkably. The seawater quality in most of the water areas of Daya Bay belongs to oligotrophic level, and in the aquacultural water areas is in mesotrophic level. The mean ratio of (N/P) is 21.69±19.38 and the phytoplankton growth is controlled by phosphorus now instead of regulated by nitrogen in the past. The change of the nutrients concentrations and compositions in Daya Bay has influenced on the ecosystem of the Bay, e.g. the miniaturization of phytoplankton and the decline of fishery production to a great extent. incontrast,th nsdidnotchan

关 键 词：大亚湾海域 生态环境 营养盐 叶绿素含量 变化趋势 时空变化规律 叶绿素a含量 营养水平 浮游植物 NH3-N NO3-N 1991年 活性磷酸盐 活性硅酸盐 平均含量 含量变化 养殖海区 生态系统 水体 20a DIN mol 大幅度 无机氮 溶解态 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X171.1