黄山短尾猴繁殖的季节性和雌性性活动方式(英文)  

Seasonality of reproduction and sexual activity in female Tibetan macaques Macaca thibetana at Huangshan, China

作　　者：李进华[1,2] 尹华宝[1,2] 王岐山[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学生命科学学院,合肥230039 [2]安徽省生态工程与生物技术重点实验室,合肥230039

出　　处：《动物学报》2005年第3期365-375,共11页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：thegrantsfromNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina (No .3 0 2 70 2 0 9,3 9970 10 9),KeyTeacherProgramoftheMinistryofEducationofChina (No .185 5 7),ExcellentYouthFoundationofAnhuiProvince (No.0 40 43 0 70 ),NaturalScienceFoun dationofAnhuiProvince

摘　　要：198 7年开始,我们对中国黄山的短尾猴(Macacathibetana)的性和繁殖行为进行了研究。本文根据1992年全年野外观察,对黄山短尾猴的繁殖季节性和雌性性活动方式进行深入研究,以揭示短尾猴繁殖方式和雌性性行为如何影响雄性性行为。研究采用全事件取样和目标动物取样法。结果表明,短尾猴黄山种群的交配和产仔是季节性的:交配季节发生在7月至12月,其特征是交配频率高并伴有射精;产仔季节为1月至4月。交配季节之外的交配虽有少量发生,但交配频率很低且几乎不射精。成年雌性的会阴部有轻微肿胀的性皮,但性皮的大小和颜色既不随猴群繁殖季节变化,也不随雌性个体生理周期变化。同时,雌性缺乏典型的性要求的行为———发情。因此,我们认为雌性短尾猴倾向于隐蔽自己的排卵。对4 6个连续观察日中成年雄性对雌性的性行为分析还表明:雄性能够区别潜在繁殖和不繁殖的雌性但不能对同一雌性的生理状况做出准确判断。隐蔽排卵是雌性在性接受期间接受大量交配的主要原因。本研究否定了短尾猴的交配是非季节性的假设(WadaandXiong ,1996 )[动物学报5 1(3) :36 5 - 375 ,2 0 0 5 ]。An intensive study on sexual and reproductive behaviors in Tibetan macaques Macaca thibetana has been underway at Huangshan, China, since 1987. This paper, primarily based on observations done during all months of 1992, describes seasonality of breeding and sexual behavior in females in order to verify the presence of reproductive seasonality and to understand how female behavior influences male sexual behavior in this species. All occurrence and focal animal sampling were used in the study. Fertile matings and births are strongly seasonal in this population: the mating season occurred between July and December and was marked by high frequencies of mating with ejaculation. The birth season was from January to April. Mating outside the above mating season occurred but the frequency was low and virtually no ejaculation took place. Adult females have slight but detectable sexual skins in the perineal region, but the appearance of the sexual skin does not vary cyclically with the season or with the female's reproductive state. Females have no typical behaviors indicative of sexual motivation, i.e. estrus. We conclude that this species shows concealed ovulation. Observation of male proceptive (invitational) behavior on 46 consecutive days during the mating season suggested that males can distinguish potentially reproductive females from unreproductive ones but can not recognize their precise reproductive states. Concealed ovulation may result in higher mating frequencies during a female's receptive period. This study argues against previous speculations that mating in Tibetan monkeys is non-seasonal (Wada and Xiong, 1996).

关 键 词：黄山 短尾猴 繁殖 季节性 雌性性活动方式 雄性性行为 

分 类 号：Q958.1[生物学—动物学]