明渠非恒定流及输沙试验系统  

Experimental system to study unsteady open-channel flow and sedimentation

作　　者：刘春晶[1] 唐立模[1] 曲兆松[1] 王兴奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利水电工程系水沙科学教育部重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2005年第6期776-779,798,共5页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50009003;50221903)

摘　　要：为研究明渠非恒定流运动特性和输沙机理,建立了长20m,宽29.5cm,高40cm的水槽非恒定流实验系统。该系统包括变坡水槽、供水控制、水位和流速量测、推移质循环及测量5个部分。通过计算机控制生成设定的非恒定流过程;沿水槽架设的6个压力传感器监控沿水槽的水位变化;采用二维激光流速仪测量垂线流速分布。初步试验结果表明:该系统可以生成稳定可重复的非恒定流过程,得到包括水深、流量、流速及输沙率变化的大量非恒定流试验数据,为洪水波的运动特性及输沙特性研究奠定了基础。A flume system was built to experimentally study unsteady flow and sedimentation. The flume is 20 m long, 29.5 cm wide, and 40 cm high. The system has a water supply facility, water level gauges, a 2-D Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) and a bed-load circulation measurement system. During experiments, hydrographs of the unsteady flow can be generated using a computer, the water level can be measured with 6 pressure transducers installed along the flume, and the vertical velocity distribution can be measured with the LDA. Preliminary experimental data showed that a large amount of experimental data can be obtained by repeatedly generating a series of unsteady hydrographs, including water depth, discharge, velocity and bed load transport. This experimental system provides a foundation for further study on flood characteristics and sediment transport in unsteady open-channel flows.

关 键 词：明渠流 非恒定流 水槽 试验系统 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]