番茄灰霉病生物防治菌株的筛选  

Selection of Biocontrol Agents to Botrytis cinerea

作　　者：庄敬华[1] 孙国良 高增贵[1] 刘限[1] 陈捷[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院 [2]辽宁省盘锦监狱生产处 [3]上海交通大学农业与生物学院,上海201101

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2005年第1期33-36,共4页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金："十五"国家攻关项目(2001BA509B05);农业部"948"项目(201056);"十五"辽宁省科技攻关项目(2001208001)

摘　　要：从土壤中筛选出对番茄灰霉病菌(BotrytiscinereaPers.)有较强拮抗作用的生物防治菌株94株,其中拮抗细菌22株,分离率为17.6%;拮抗放线菌53株,分离率为11.7%;拮抗木霉菌19株,分离率为28.8%。研究发现,拮抗细菌可产生抗生素类物质,且在121℃高温下处理30min不失活,放线菌的抗生物质大多不耐热。拮抗木霉菌具较强的营养竞争及重寄生作用,温室接种试验表明对番茄叶部灰霉病的防治效果达67.18%。Ninety four biocontrol isolates with high antagonism to Botrytis cinerea were screened from soil, including 22 bacteria, 53 actinomyces and 19 anti-Trichoderma,with isolating frequency of 17.6%,11.7%and 28.8% respectively. The resistant bacteria produced antibiotics of high temperature which were stable at 121℃ for 30min,while antibiotics produced by actinomyces were less tolerant. The mechanism of Trichoderma against Botrytis cinerea includes nutrition competition and mycoparasitism. The control effect of Trichoderma against tomato gray leaf spot was 67.18% in greenhouse.

关 键 词：生物防治 筛选 菌株 拮抗木霉菌 番茄灰霉病菌 拮抗细菌 重寄生作用 分离率 拮抗作用 抗生素类 抗生物质 防治效果 接种试验 营养竞争 放线菌 土壤 叶部 温室 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] TQ920.1[农业科学—植物保护]