我国煤矿瓦斯爆炸死亡率如何才能降下来  

How to decrease death rate of gas explosion in our coal mine industry

作　　者：王宝兴[1] 经建生[1] 郑巍[1] 王颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]公安部天津消防研究所,天津300381

出　　处：《消防科学与技术》2005年第3期271-274,共4页Fire Science and Technology

摘　　要：根据近年公安部天津消防研究所完成的瓦斯气在煤矿巷道中的流动规律模拟试验,以及用长径比为7、7m3和30m3爆炸装置模拟煤矿采煤面附近的巷道,用天然气代替瓦斯气所完成的140多次爆炸试验的试验结果,指出了煤矿有能够集存瓦斯气的巷道是发生瓦斯爆炸的根本原因,采煤面附近的强通风是发生瓦斯爆炸的直接原因。新的安全采煤法有望将煤矿瓦斯爆炸死亡率大幅度降下来。In order to find the cause and factors that influence the coal mine gas explosions, 140 explosion tests were performed in a 7 m^3[KG*3]explosion vessel with length-diameter ratio 7 and a 30 m^3 explosion vessel with length-diameter ratio 1. Natural gas was used in these tests as combustibles. The top of 7 m^3 explosion vessel may be changed upward, level or downward, that simulates the inclination direction of coal lane top. These tests demonstrate that the gas accumulating beneath lane top of a dig lane or many dig lanes is the principal cause for gas explosion in coal mine; the strong air flow near coal digging face of dig lanes are the direct cause. 15 explosion tests using safe coal excavation (safe ventilation) method do not explode, which demonstrate this method can decrease the number of gas explosion accidents and death rate greatly.

关 键 词：煤矿 通风技术 瓦斯爆炸 中国 死亡率 消防工作 

分 类 号：TD77[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]