塔克拉玛干沙漠风况特征研究  

Study on Wind Regime Characteristics in the Taklimakan Desert

作　　者：俎瑞平[1] 张克存[1] 屈建军[1] 方海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第2期167-170,共4页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000048705);所创新项目(2004105)资助

摘　　要：通过17个站1996-2000年风资料的统计和计算,对塔克拉玛干沙漠风况特征进行研究,结果发现:(1)塔克拉玛干沙漠作用风系以东北风和西北风为主,在纵向和横向上主风向都呈现出明显变化规律;(2)输沙势计算结果表明,除若羌地区外整个塔克拉玛干沙漠处于低风能环境;(3)大多数区域RDP/DP值都大于0.5,呈现单峰或锐双峰特征。Wind regime characteristics near ground surface in a region reflect the upper-air circulation status. The upper-air circulation status over the Taklimakan Desert forms under the background of the upper-air westerlies after it is divided and risen by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the Tianshan Mountains and of the thermal effects of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the desert itself. The Taklimakan Desert is the largest sand desert in China, its area is 3.5×104 km2, the dune types are various and their structure is complicated. The winds near ground surface of the Taklimakan Desert are mainly northeast and northwest wind systems due to the effects of the upper-air circulation, and both the affecting regions and the intensity of these two wind systems are significantly different. In this paper, the wind regime characteristics in the Taklimakan Desert are studied using the wind data collected by 17 selected meteorological stations in the desert during the period from 1996 to 2000. Some conclusions are derived as follows: (1)According to Fryberger’s classification of wind-energy environment, the Taklimakan Desert belongs to a low-energy environment in general except the Ruoqiang Region;(2)The change lows of both prevailing east-west and south-north wind systems are significant;(3)The RDP/DP values are higher than 0.5 in the most regions of the Taklimakan Desert, and the wind direction is unimodal or sharp bimodal.

关 键 词：塔克拉玛干沙漠 特征研究 风况 1996-2000年 变化规律 计算结果 风资料 东北风 RDP 风系 风向 

分 类 号：P931.3[天文地球—自然地理学]