中国北方地区近50年来气温变化特征及其突变性  

Change Characteristics of Temperature in North China since Recent 50 Years

作　　者：郭志梅[1] 缪启龙[1] 李雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京气象学院资源环境与城乡规划系,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2005年第2期176-182,共7页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40075021)资助

摘　　要：从1951-2000年中国北方地区(包括东北、华北和西北)的平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温随时间的变化趋势特征来看。通过分析发现:在全球气候变暖的前景下,中国北方地区近50年来平均气温、日最高气温和日最低气温的增温态势十分明显;东北地区的增温大于西北和华北地区;日最低气温的增温比平均气温和日最高气温更加显著;冬季增温比夏季显著。20世纪80年代中后期平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温大多发生了一次显著的变暖突变。90年代以来中国北方地区的气温明显偏高。但是不同季节、不同区域气温的多年变化特征并不完全相同,具有各自的特殊性。This paper analyzes mainly the change characteristics of the mean temperature,daily minimum temperature and daily maximum temperature with the time in north China including northeast China,north China and northwest China during the period of 1951-2000.The results are as follows: The increasing trends of mean temperature,daily minimum temperature and daily maximum temperature are extremely significant in north China since recent 50 years under the background of global climate warming;the increasing intensity of temperature in northeast China is higher than that in north China and northwest China,the increasing speed of daily minimum temperature is faster than that of mean temperature and daily maximum temperature,and the increasing trends of these temperature are more obvious in winter than that in summer;moreover,there are the significant abrupt changes in mean temperature,daily minimum temperature and daily maximum temperature in the mid- and late-1980’s;The temperature has apparently increased since the 1990’s.However,it is not absolute as the change characteristics of multiannual average temperature in the different seasons and regions.

关 键 词：中国北方地区 气温变化特征 50年 突变性 日最高气温 日最低气温 20世纪80年代 平均气温 全球气候变暖 2000年 年变化特征 变化趋势 华北地区 东北地区 90年代 增温 中后期 特殊性 西北 

分 类 号：P468.021[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]