地面灌溉水流特性及水分利用率的数学模拟  

The Simulation on the Performance of Water Advance and Recession, Application Efficiency of Border Irrigation

作　　者：闫庆健[1] 李久生 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学技术出版社,北京100081 [2]国家节水灌溉工程技术研究中心,北京100094

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2005年第2期62-66,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

摘　　要：在内蒙古风沙区一种砂土和壤质砂土的春小麦生育期内进行了畦田规格和灌水技术要素对水流推进和消退过程、田间水利用系数、灌水效率及灌水均匀系数影响的田间试验。并用SRFR406软件对畦灌条件下的水流特性及水分利用率进行了数学模拟。结果表明,运用SRFR模型能较好地模拟地面灌溉的水流推进及消退过程,尤其是推进过程模拟求得的结果与实测结果基本吻合。畦田的微地形对灌水效率的影响较大,尤其是畦田尾部反坡对灌水效率及水流推进与消退都有较大影响。为提高灌水效率,应加强耕作管理,消除反坡。畦田规格对灌水效率也有一定的影响,从获得较高灌水效率的角度来说,以畦宽2～3m、畦长50～60m较为适宜。Field experiments were conducted in a sandy soil in the arid region to investigate the influences of border dimensions and irrigation variables on the performance of water advance and recession, application efficiency and distribution uniformity (DU).The commercial software, namely SRFR406, was used to simulate the performance of water advance and recession, application efficiency. The results showed that the code simulated the performance of water advance and recession successfully, especially the performance of water advance. In addition, the cumulative frequency distribution of infiltrated water depth were calculated. The results demonstrated that the distribution of infiltrated water can be represented by a normal distribution function. The border dimensions had influences to application efficiency, borders having 2～3 m wide and 50～60 m long can get high application efficiency.

关 键 词：水分利用率 数学模拟 水流特性 地面灌溉 灌水效率 水流推进 灌水技术要素 消退过程 水利用系数 田间试验 均匀系数 实测结果 过程模拟 耕作管理 畦田 生育期 春小麦 风沙区 内蒙古 微地形 规格 砂土 畦灌 

分 类 号：S271[农业科学—农业水土工程]