高赖氨酸玉米主要品质性状的配合力分析  

Studies on Combining Ability of High Lysine Maize

作　　者：石德权[1] 刘仁东[1] 白丽[1] 汪黎明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物育种栽培研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《作物学报》1994年第4期446-452,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

摘　　要：用4个软质胚乳和4个硬质(或半硬质)胚乳的高赖氨酸玉米自交系,进行8×8完全双列杂交试验,分析了后代籽粒品质性状的遗传表现和配合力。软质胚乳亲本和硬质胚乳亲本杂交时,当代F_1籽粒的胚乳硬质度表现出显著的正反交差异,以硬质亲本作母本时F_1籽粒硬质度较高,但F_2籽粒的硬质度无显著的正反交差异。硬×硬类型杂交后代的籽粒硬质度和赖氨酸含量均显著低于中亲值。在保持赖氨酸含量不致下降而又使籽粒具有一定硬质度的情况下,用软质和硬质亲本相杂交或选用半硬质亲本进行杂交将是一个比较可行的方法。品质性状的一般配合力远比特殊配合力重要。除百粒体积的反交效应均方达显著外,其它性状的反交效应均方都不显著。硬质度和脂肪含量的遗传力较高,赖氨酸和蛋白质含量的遗传力居于中等。Eight opaque-2 inbred lines of maize, four with soft endosperm and four with hard or semi-hard endosperm, were tested in diallel crosses including 28 reciprocals. There was evidently maternal effect on the endosperm hardness of F1 kernels but no such effect in the F2 kernels. The F1 kernels were usually harder if hard endosperm lines were used as female parents. Additive genie effect was more important than non-additive for most characters in the present study. The GCA effect was more important than SCA effect for kernel quality characters. The conclusion seems like that crosses involving soft and hard endosperm lines or between semi-hard endosperm lines would be better adopted in a breeding program for increasing both lysine content and endosperm hardness of kernels.

关 键 词：玉米 赖氨酸 胚乳硬质度 杂交 

分 类 号：S513.035.1[农业科学—作物学]