中国近49年沙尘暴变化趋势的分析  

Analysis on Sandstorm Variation in China for Last 49 Years

作　　者：唐国利[1] 巢清尘[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象》2005年第5期8-11,共4页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家科技攻关项目课题"我国短期气候预测业务加强研究"(969080601)资助

摘　　要：利用1954～2002年的气象观测资料分析了我国沙尘暴的变化特点及趋势,并从大风天气变化的角度,初步探讨了沙尘暴变化的气候原因。分析结果表明,我国的沙尘暴总日数在20世纪80年代中期以后比50年代到60年代减少了73%;沙尘暴的下降趋势具有十分明显的空间一致性。比较发现,沙尘暴总日数和大风总日数的变化趋势有很好的一致性,两者的线性相关系数达到0.92。这表明,我国沙尘暴的变化趋势主要是随大风的变化而变化,风力条件的减弱是近半个世纪以来我国境内沙尘暴频数下降的主要原因。1997年后沙尘暴日数的回升也同样伴随着大风日数的增加。Based on the meteorological data in 1954—2002,the trend of sandstorm variation and its space characteristics in China in recent 49 years are analyzed and discussed. And on gale variation's side, the climatic causes of sandstorm variation are discussed tentatively. The results show that all annual and seasonal sandstorms are decreasing in China in the recent 49 years. There is a 73% reduction in sandstorm frequency from 1950s and 1960s to 1980s and 1990s. The decrease trends of sandstorm frequency display obvious space consistency for most part of China. In comparison, the change of sandstorm frequency is close accord with that of gale frequency, their correlation coefficient is 0.92.The result indicates that the sandstorm change in China mainly depends upon gale change, which is mostly responsible for the decrease of sandstorm frequency in China in recent 49 years. Similarly, the increase of sandstorm frequency after 1997 is also attributed to gale weather.

关 键 词：中国 沙尘暴 气象观测资料 气候原因 下降趋势 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]