掌指关节的三维解剖及形态分析  

3-Dimension Anatomy and Shape analysis of Metacarpalphalangeal Joint

作　　者：王力刚 胡溱[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市盐田区人民医院骨科,518081 [2]北京积水潭医院手外科

出　　处：《解剖与临床》2005年第2期92-94,共3页Anatomy and Clinics

摘　　要：目的:观测掌指关节关节面的几何形态,为人工关节的设计和应用提供解剖学依据。方法:10只成人手标本,解剖掌指关节,测量侧副韧带起点距掌骨头关节面的直线距离,三维数据检测仪获得关节面三维坐标数据,应用SPSS软件进行统计分析和成像。结果:掌骨头有双髁结构,桡侧髁略大,第1掌骨头形态特殊;各掌骨头高度的比较无显著差异;其掌侧关节面大于背侧,第2、3掌骨头关节面面积明显较大。近节指骨底在形态、高度和面积方面各序列相似;各序列侧副韧带起点桡侧较尺侧距离掌骨头关节面远。结论:手指人工关节的设计应符合解剖形态,并根据各序列形态的差异进行个体化设计,尤其拇指更应区别对待;手指人工关节的设计和应用中应注意软组织保护,关节的切除范围应注意保留侧副韧带的起止点。Objective:To provide anatomy data for design and aplication of prosthesis measuring the geometry shape of the metacarpalphalangeal joint.Methods:The metacarpalphalangeal joints were obtained from 10 fresh-frozen cadaveric hands and the distance from the collateral ligament attachment to the edge of metacarpal head was measured.3-dimension data were obtained by 'data detection instrument',which were stated and imaged with SPSS softwae.Results:The metacarpal head is bicondylar and the radial one is a little bigger;the shape of the first MPJ is special compared to others;there isn't evident difference in the metacarpal head height among the rays.the third and the second metacarpal head is evidently larger than others in surface area;the shape,height and surface area of proximal phalanx bone fundus are very similar to each other;the distance from ligament attachment to metacarpal head in radial side is larger than that in ulnar.Conclusion:Design of finger prosthesis must accord the anatomy shape and individuality of each ray,espesialy the thumb.Soft tissue must be protected in the indesign and application and the attachment of collateral ligament should be preserved.

关 键 词：掌指关节 形态分析 三维解剖 设计和应用 人工关节 侧副韧带 SPSS软件 关节面 解剖学依据 个体化设计 软组织保护 几何形态 三维坐标 三维数据 统计分析 近节指骨 解剖形态 区别对待 切除范围 骨头 检测仪 序列 距离 起点 

分 类 号：R323.71[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]