舌下神经管及其毗邻结构的显微解剖和临床意义  

Microanatomical Study of the Hypoglossal Canal Region

作　　者：侯立胜[1] 韩卉[1] 胡玉婷[1] 庞刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学解剖学教研室,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《解剖与临床》2005年第2期95-97,共3页Anatomy and Clinics

基　　金：安徽省教育厅自然科学基金资助(编号:2001kj123)

摘　　要：目的:研究舌下神经管及其毗邻结构的显微解剖,为舌下神经管疾病的影像学诊断和手术入路的选择提供形态学数据。方法:肉眼和手术显微镜下观测30例(60侧)成人头颅干骨标本的舌下神经管及其毗邻结构。结果:舌下神经管位于枕骨髁的前上方,为一对卵圆形或圆形孔道,内口至外口的长度(8.51±0.91)mm。舌下神经管内口呈双管者5侧(8%);内口后缘与枕骨髁后缘的距离(10.07±0.75)mm,外口后缘至枕骨髁后缘(14.22±1.18)mm。左、右侧枕骨髁的前后径分别为(23.10±1.57)mm、(22.38±2.28)mm。结论:熟悉舌下神经管及其毗邻结构的解剖有利于相关疾病的影像诊断和手术入路的选择。Objective:To provide morphological data for medical imaging diagnosis of the disease in the hypoglossal canal region by studying the microanatomy of the part.Methods:The hypoglossal canal and its adjacent structure of 30 adult dry skulls were observed and measured under eye and operative microscopy(×16).Results:The hypoglossal canal was a paired roundness or ellipse passage,which was situated above the occipital condyle.The length of the canal was (8.51±0.91)mm.In all the hypoglossal canals observed,the intracranial opening was divided into two channels in five sides(8%).The distance from the posterior brim of the intracranial opening and extracranial orifice of hypoglossal canal to the posterior pole of occipital condyle was (10.07± 0.75 )mm and (14.22±1.18)mm respectively.The length of the right and left occipital condyle was (23.10±1.57)mm and ( 22.38 ±2.28)mm respectively.Conclusion:The anatomical parameters of hypoglossal canal and its adjacent structures are useful for imaging diagnosis and neurosurgical operation.

关 键 词：舌下神经管 毗邻结构 显微解剖 临床意义 手术入路 影像学诊断 枕骨髁 显微镜下 影像诊断 相关疾病 形态学 骨标本 卵圆形 内口 前后径 外口 

分 类 号：R323[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学] R651[医药卫生—基础医学]