长沙市郊蔬菜土壤和蔬菜重金属污染状况调查及评价  

The Investigation and Evaluation of Heavy Metal State form Soil and Vegetable in the Suburb of Changsha Region

作　　者：李明德[1] 汤海涛[1] 汤睿[1] 张一扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省土壤肥料研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2005年第3期34-36,共3页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省农业科学院重点学科资助项目(2003-14)

摘　　要：对长沙市郊几大主要蔬菜基地进行了取样调查分析,结果表明,长沙市郊蔬菜基地所产蔬菜中,除叶菜类蔬菜外,其它类型蔬菜没有受到重金属的污染。叶菜类蔬菜中,100%的样品铅含量超标,最大超标137%,平均超标60%;50%的叶菜样镉超标,最大超标127%,其镉含量平均值接近无公害蔬菜重金属限量指标。不同类型蔬菜对重金属的富集能力顺序为:叶菜类>茄果类>豆类>瓜类,不同重金属的富集顺序为:镉>汞>铅>砷>铬。长沙市郊主要蔬菜基地土壤重金属污染比较严重,有70%的土壤受到了镉的污染,27.6%的土壤受到了汞的污染,58.6%的土壤受到了重金属的综合污染,相关部门应该采取切实可行的办法防止污染的进一步蔓延和加剧。The investigation and analysis of the heavy metal contamination was conducted in several main vegetable bases in the suburb of Changsha region. The results showed that among vegetables produced form vegetable bases of the suburb of Changsha, except leaf vegetables, other vegetables were not contaminated. There were 100% of the samples whose plumbum content exceeded the standard, the most exceeded was 137% higher than the standard and averaged 60% higher than the standard; and 50% of the samples whose cadmium content exceeded the standard. the most exceeded was 127% higher than the standard, whose average cadmium content was closed to the heavy metal index of nuisanceless vegetable in China. The order of enrichment ability to heavy metal in different type of vegetables is leaf vegetable>solanaceous fruit vegetable>leguminous vegetable>gourd vegetable. The enriching order of heavy of heavy metal is Cd>Hg>Pb>As>Cr. The heavy metal contamination in soils of the suburb of Changsha city is much serious. There are Cd contamination in 70% of soil, and Hg contamination in 27.6% of soil,while comprehensive contamination of heavy metal in 58.6% of soil. The related department should take the feasible measures to control the further extended and fast contamination.

关 键 词：蔬菜 土壤 重金属污染 评价 长沙市 

分 类 号：S181.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]